南迦巴瓦峰地区野生有毒植物资源多样性  

Diversity of Wild Poisonous Plant Resources in Namjagbarwa Region

作　　者：陈鹏英 杨婵 罗建 CHEN Pengying;YANG Chan;LUO Jian(Research Institute of Tibet Plateau Ecology,Tibet Agriculture&Animal Husbandry University Nyingchi,Tibet Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology in Plateau Area,Ministry of Education,National Key Station of Field Scientific Observation&Experiment,Nyingchi 860000;Key Laboratory of Alpine Vegetation Ecological Security in Tibet,Nyingchi 860000)

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院高原生态研究所,西藏高原森林生态教育部重点实验室,西藏林芝高山森林生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,林芝860000 [2]西藏自治区高寒植被生态安全重点实验室,林芝860000

出　　处：《植物研究》2022年第6期921-929,共9页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究项目(2019QZKK0502);西藏自治区高寒植被生态安全重点实验室项目(STAQ-2021Y-8);中央引导地方项目(XZ202101YD0016C)。

摘　　要：为了合理保护利用南峰地区野生有毒植物资源,通过野外实地调查、查阅相关文献书籍及标本,对该地区有毒植物的科属、生活型、毒性、有毒部位以及毒理作用进行分析。结果表明:南峰地区包括野生有毒植物242种,隶属于77科167属,其中优势科是天南星科(Araceae)、毛茛科(Ranunculaceae)、杜鹃花科(Ericaceae)、豆科(Fabaceae)和菊科(Compositae);有毒草本植物共计138种,是占比最多的生活型;有毒部位中全株或全草有毒的最多,共有109种;在毒性方面,只有3种剧毒植物和5种大毒植物,小毒植物有50种,中毒植物最多,有184种;有毒蜜源植物有19种,以玄参科(Scrophulariaceae)和毛茛科占优势;毒理作用方面,大多是神经系统中毒。南峰地区有毒植物资源种类丰富,但目前对这些资源的利用较少,要加强有毒植物认识与保护,进行合理开发利用。In order to rationally protect and explore the wild poisonous plant resources in the Namjagbarwa region,the distribution of families and genera,the composition of life forms,the toxicity,poisonous parts and toxicological effects of plants were analyzed by field investigation,specimen investigation and related literature books inspection.The results showed that there were 77 families,167 genera and 242 species of wild poisonous plants in the Namjagbarwa region,among which the dominant families mainly included Araceae,Ranunculaceae,Ericaceae,Fabaceae and Asteraceae respectively.The most poisonous plants with herbaceous life form were 138 species in total.Most of the plant toxic parts were poisonous whole grass,a total of 109 species.There were 184 species with mild poisonous plants,including 50 minor toxic plants,there were only five kinds of highly poisonous and three kinds of strong poisonous.There were 19 poisonous nectar source plants,Scrophulariaceae and Ranunculaceae were dominant;in terms of toxicology,most of them were nervous system poisoning.There were many kinds of poisonous plant resources in the Namjagbarwa region,but there was less use of these resources.It was necessary to strengthen the understanding and protection of poisonous plants,and carry out rational development and explroation.

关 键 词：野生有毒植物 有毒部位 毒理作用 利用价值 南迦巴瓦峰 

分 类 号：Q949.98[生物学—植物学]