纤维素纤维阻燃加工的技术现状和研发重点  

Technology Status and Research&Development Focus of Cellulose Fiber Flame Retardant Processing

作　　者：施楣梧 芦长江 SHI Meiwu;LU Changjiang(Beijing Haidian№.57 Rest House for Retired Cadres,Beijing,101199,China;Shandong Lushi Flame Retardant Fiber Technology Co.,Ltd.,Jinan,250216,China)

机构地区：[1]北京海淀第57离职干部休养所,北京101199 [2]山东芦氏阻燃纤维科技有限公司,山东济南250216

出　　处：《棉纺织技术》2022年第S01期1-5,共5页Cotton Textile Technology

摘　　要：探讨纤维素纤维阻燃化加工的技术和研发重点。介绍了纤维素纤维阻燃化加工的技术现状。分析了纤维素纤维阻燃化加工面临的主要问题,包括极限氧指数和断裂强度的矛盾、阻燃性和可纺性的矛盾。采用对纤维素纤维进行预溶胀的方法,并选择不含胶黏剂的小分子阻燃剂,通过提高浓度梯度、施加高压等条件,将阻燃剂施加到纤维素纤维内部,制备的阻燃莱赛尔、阻燃长绒棉和阻燃苎麻纤维均具有良好的强度和阻燃指标。其中,阻燃莱赛尔断裂强度3.04 cN/dtex,极限氧指数34.1%,并具有良好的可纺性,在阻燃织物中使用时得到了较好的阻燃性能和整体效果。认为:制备的阻燃纤维可纺性正常,在批量生产条件下可体现出较低的生产成本。Technology and research&development focus of cellulose fiber flame retardant processing were discussed.Technology status of cellulose fiber flame retardant processing was introduced.The main problems of cellulose fiber flame retardant processing were analyzed,including the contradiction between limit oxygen index and breaking tenacity,the contradiction between flame retardant property and spinnability.Cellulose fiber were preswelled and small molecule flame retardant without adhesive was selected.Flame retardants were added into cellulose fiber by increasing concentration gradient and applying high pressure.The prepared flame retardant lyocell,flame retardant long-staple cotton and flame retardant ramie fiber all had better strength and flame retardant indexes.Among them,the breaking tenacity of flame retardant lyocell was reached 3.04 cN/dtex,limit oxygen index was reached 34.1%,spinnability was better,better flame retardant property and overall effect were better when used in flame retardant fabrics.It is considered that the prepared flame retardant fiber has normal spinnability lower production cost under the condition of mass production is reached.

关 键 词：阻燃纤维素纤维 阻燃莱赛尔 预溶胀 阻燃整理 断裂强度 阻燃性能 极限氧指数 单位面积质量 

分 类 号：TS102.51[轻工技术与工程—纺织工程]