土壤质地和氯含量对烤烟叶片区位化学成分的影响  

Effects of Soil Texture and Chlorine Content on Location Chemical Composition of Flue-cured Tobacco Leaves

作　　者：王东旭 武云杰 曾超 赵明阳 余海涛 周军 薛子钟 刘流 叶协锋 张锦韬 WANG Dongxu;WU Yunjie;ZENG Chao;ZHAO Mingyang;YU Haitao;ZHOU Jun;XUE Zizhong;LIU Liu;YE Xiefeng;ZHANG Jintao(College of Tobacco Science,Henan Agricultural University/National Tobacco Cultivation and Physiology and Biochemistry Research Centre/Key Laboratory for Tobacco Cultivation of Tobacco Industry,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Dengzhou Branch of Nanyang City Tobacco Company,Dengzhou 474150,China;China Tobacco Hunan Industry Co.,Ltd.,Changsha 410007,China;Nanyang Prefecture Branch of Henan Tobacco Company,Nanyang 473000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院/国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地/烟草行业烟草栽培重点实验室,河南郑州450002 [2]南阳市烟草公司邓州市分公司,河南邓州474150 [3]湖南中烟工业有限责任公司,湖南长沙410007 [4]河南省烟草公司南阳市公司,河南南阳473000

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2022年第9期35-45,共11页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：湖南中烟工业有限责任公司烟草农业示范与推广科技项目(202043000934096)。

摘　　要：在河南烟区,选取砂壤土和黏土2种主要土壤质地,使植烟土壤0~20 cm氯含量分别达到30、45、60 mg/kg,同时在砂壤质地中增设氯含量15 mg/kg处理,分别取烤后X2F、C3F和B2F烟叶将其划分为15个区位,测定不同区位的常规化学成分,研究河南烟区砂壤土和黏土2种质地土壤在不同氯含量条件下烤烟叶片化学成分及协调性的区位间差异,为高氯烟区优化种植布局和工业企业精准使用烟叶原料、提高烟叶原料配方的适配性提供参考。结果表明,烟叶氯、钾含量在叶片区位间的分布规律一致,均表现为叶基>近基>叶中>近尖>叶尖、近主>近中>近缘,烟碱含量在叶片区位上的分布规律与氯、钾含量相反,糖碱比在叶片横向区位带间表现为近主>近中>近缘。施氯能够促进烟叶钾、氯和烟碱的积累,降低还原糖和总糖的积累。砂壤质地烤烟各部位和叶片不同区位氯、钾、烟碱含量整体低于黏土质地,烟叶还原糖含量、总糖含量、钾氯比和糖碱比高于黏土质地。同等水平土壤氯含量下,砂壤质地的烟叶对氯的积累低于黏土质地。因此,叶基带区域具有氯含量偏高、钾氯比偏低的特点,在复烤加工时可将叶基区域和其他区域分别处理。In the tobacco-growing area of Henan Province,two main soil textures,sandy loam and clay,were selected to make the chlorine content of 0—20 cm soil for tobacco planting reach 30,45,and 60 mg/kg,respectively.At the same time,a chlorine content of 15 mg/kg treatment was added to the sandy loam.The X2F,C3F and B2F tobacco leaves after curing were divided into 15 locations,and the conventional chemical components of different locations were determined.The location differences of chemical composition and coordination of flue-cured tobacco leaves in sandy soil and clay soil in Henan tobacco area were studied under the condition of different chlorine content,to provide a reference for optimizing the planting layout of high-chlorine tobacco areas,accurately using tobacco raw materials by industrial enterprises and improving the adaptability of tobacco raw materials.The results showed that the distributions of chlorine and potassium contents in tobacco leaves were consistent among leaf locations,which were all in the order of leaf base>near base>leaf middle>near tip>leaf tip,near main>near middle>near edge.The distribution of nicotine content in leaf locations was opposite to that of chloride and potassium content,and the sugar-to-alkali ratio between leaf locations showed the order of near main>near middle>near edge.Chlorine application could promote the accumulation of potassium,chlorine and nicotine in tobacco leaves,and reduce the accumulation of reducing sugar and total sugar.The contents of chlorine,potassium and nicotine in different parts of flue-cured tobacco and different locations of leaves in sandy loam were generally lower than those in clay,while the reducing sugar content,total sugar content,potassium-chloride ratio and sugar-alkali ratio of tobacco leaves were higher than those in clay.Under the same soil chlorine content,the accumulation of chlorine in tobacco leaves in sandy loam was lower than that in clay.Therefore,according to the characteristics of high chlorine content and low potassium-to-chlorin

关 键 词：烤烟 烟叶区位 化学成分 土壤质地 土壤氯含量 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]