植物生长调节剂对湘南烤烟中下部叶厚度和可用性的影响  

Effects of Plant Growth Regulators on the Thickness and Availability of Middle and Lower Leaves of Flue-cured Tobacco in Southern Hunan

作　　者：宗胜杰 李伟[2] 杨坤 卢志伟 余金龙 靳志丽 周雨 江祥伟 孟智勇[1] 李井军 马浩波[1] 刘芳[1] 李淑君[1] 肖春生[2] ZONG Shengjie;LI Wei;YANG Kun;LU Zhiwei;YU Jinlong;JIN Zhili;ZHOU Yu;JIANG Xiangwei;MENG Zhiyong;LI Jingjun;MA Haobo;LIU Fang;LI Shujun;XIAO Chunsheng(Tobacco Research Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Xuchang 461000,China;Hunan Provincial Tobacco Company of CNTC,Changsha 410007,China;China Tobacco Guizhou Industrial Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550000,China;Chenzhou Company of Hunan Tobacco Company,Chenzhou 423000,China;Yongzhou Company of Hunan Tobacco Company,Yongzhou 425000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院烟草研究所,河南许昌461000 [2]中国烟草总公司湖南省公司,湖南长沙410007 [3]贵州中烟工业有限责任公司,贵州贵阳550000 [4]湖南省烟草公司郴州市公司,湖南郴州423000 [5]湖南省烟草公司永州市公司,湖南永州425000

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2022年第9期46-55,共10页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：中国烟草总公司湖南省公司科技项目(HN2020KJ10)。

摘　　要：为了改善湘南烟区中下部烟叶普遍偏薄的问题,提高中下部烟叶品质和工业可用性,以云烟87为材料,在湘南郴州和永州2个植烟区喷施0.01、0.02 mg/kg芸苔素内酯和15、30 mg/kg赤霉素(分别记为T1—T4处理),同时以喷施清水为对照(CK),分析烤烟中下部叶的净光合速率、厚度发育、经济效益以及烤后烟叶的感官风格特征、感官品质特征及工业可用性。结果表明,与CK相比,喷施0.01 mg/kg芸苔素内酯(T1)能够显著提高郴州和永州烟区烤烟中部叶及下部叶的净光合速率和经济效益各项指标,显著提高郴州烟区烤烟中部鲜烟叶厚度、烤后烟叶厚度以及永州烟区烤烟中部和下部鲜烟叶厚度、下部烤后烟叶厚度及其烘烤厚度收缩率;喷施0.01 mg/kg芸苔素内酯后,郴州和永州烟区上等烟比例和烤后烟叶均价均有所提升,郴州烤烟下部叶和中部叶醇甜香、焦甜香、浓度及特征彰显程度最好,感官品质得分较CK分别提高2.36%和3.45%,永州烤烟下部叶干草香、醇甜香、焦香均好于CK,中部叶所有风格特征指标均好于CK,下部叶和中部叶感官品质得分较CK分别提高1.83%和1.30%;喷施0.02 mg/kg芸苔素内酯(T2)后,郴州中部叶和永州下部叶的净光合速率较CK仍显著提高,叶片厚度相关指标与CK差异不显著,经济效益指标与CK基本相当,郴州烤烟下部叶和中部叶感官风格特征仍有小幅度提高,永州烤烟中部叶感官风格特征略有下降,但整体品质和工业可用性较差。喷施15 mg/kg赤霉素(T3)有利于烤烟烟叶厚度发育,烤后烟叶厚度更佳,烟叶厚度烘烤收缩率较大,整体表现为大于CK和T2、T4处理,但与T1处理差异不显著;喷施15、30 mg/kg赤霉素(T3、T4)处理湘南烟区烤后烟叶经济效益和感官风格特征差于CK和T1、T2处理。可见,喷施0.01 mg/kg芸苔素内酯能够实现湘南烟区下部叶和中部叶厚度提高、烤后烟经济效益增加、感官风格特征和In order to solve the problem of thin blade of middle and lower leaves in southern Hunan and improve their quality and industrial availability,Yunyan 87 was sprayed with 0.01,0.02 mg/kg brassinolide and 15,30 mg/kg gibberellin(denoted as T1—T4 treatments,respectively)in two tobacco growing areas(Chenzhou and Yongzhou)in southern Hunan,net photosynthetic rate,thickness development,economic benefits,quality and industrial availability of middle and lower leaves were analyzed with spraying water as the control.The results showed that spraying 0.01 mg/kg brassinolide(T1)could significantly increase the net photosynthetic rate and economic benefits of middle and lower leaves of flue-cured tobacco both in Chenzhou and Yongzhou tobacco-growing areas,significantly improve the thickness development and the flue-cured tobacco thickness of middle leaves in Chenzhou,and significantly improve the thickness development of middle and lower leaves,the flue-cured tobacco thickness and the shrinkage rate of flue-cured thickness of lower leaves in Yongzhou;the proportion of superior tobacco and the average price of flued-cured leaves in Chenzhou and Yongzhou tobacco-growing areas increased;lower and middle tobacco leaves in Chenzhou had the best mellow sweet smelling,burnt sweet smelling,concentration and feature highlighting degree,and the smoking quality was improved by2.36%and 3.45%compared with CK;lower tobacco leaves in Yongzhou had better hay smelling,mellow sweet smelling and burnt sweet smelling,and all style feature indexes of middle leaves were better than CK,the sensory evaluation quality of lower and middle leaves was increased by 1.83%and 1.30%respectively compared with CK.The net photosynthetic rate of middle leaves in Chenzhou and lower leaves in Yongzhou was significantly higher than that of CK,the indicators of leaf thickness were not significantly different,and the economic benefits were the same as CK,the sensory style characteristics of the lower and middle leaves in Chenzhou were still slightly improved,while

关 键 词：生长调节剂 云烟87 叶片厚度 中下部叶 品质 工业可用性 湘南烟区 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]