氧化中浸-加压酸浸组合浸出技术回收氧化锌烟尘  

Recovery of Zinc Oxide Dust by Oxidation Neutral Leaching&Pressure Acid Leaching Combined Technology

作　　者：李嘉辉 张程 邓志敢[1,2] 李春林 马黎阳 魏昶 LI Jiahui;ZHANG Cheng;DENG Zhigan;LI Chunlin;MA Liyang;WEI Chang(Faculty of Metallurgical and Energy Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650093,China;State Key Laboratory of Complex Nonferrous Metal Resources Clean Utilization,Kunming 650093,China;Greennovo Environmental Technology Co.,Ltd.,Gejiu 661000,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学冶金与能源工程学院,昆明650093 [2]省部共建复杂有色金属资源清洁利用国家重点实验室,昆明650093 [3]鑫联环保科技股份有限公司,云南个旧661000

出　　处：《有色金属工程》2022年第11期67-75,共9页Nonferrous Metals Engineering

基　　金：云南省自然科学基金资助项目(202001AT070079);国家自然科学基金资助项目(51964029);国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFC1900402).

摘　　要：钢铁厂冶炼过程产生的含锌固体废弃物经烟化挥发得到的氧化锌烟尘,具有来源广、成分复杂、原料波动性大的特点。以氧化锌烟尘为研究对象,针对所用湿法炼锌常规工艺处理流程存在原料适应性差、锌直收率低、浸出渣中铅难以富集的问题,采用氧化中浸—加压酸浸组合技术进行处理,考察液固比、反应时间、浸出温度、氧化剂等因素对锌、铟及主要金属离子浸出的影响。结果表明:采用氧化中浸技术在温度60℃、液固比3.9 mL/g、中浸时间1 h、中和时间2 h、过氧化氢用量(单位氧化锌烟尘所需过氧化氢量)62 mL/kg的条件下,锌浸出率达到80%以上,中浸液中铁含量低于20 mg/L,可实现锌的浸出与铁的同步沉淀;中浸渣采用加压酸浸技术,利用氧化中浸渣中的三价铁对硫化物进行氧化浸出,在不添加氧化剂、温度125℃、液固比2.5 mL/g、浸出时间3 h、浸出剂酸浓度150 g/L的条件下,锌和铟浸出率分别可超过98%和90%,锌与铟可同时高效浸出,且可同步实现浸出液中铁价态的控制,加压酸浸液中铁浓度在17 g/L左右,其中二价铁浓度在16 g/L左右,90%以上的铁为二价铁,易于后续溶液处理,加压酸浸渣中铅的含量不低于30%,富集比高。该工艺解决了常规工艺锌直收率低的问题,简化了工艺流程,提高了原料适应性,可实现氧化锌烟尘的高效综合利用。Zinc-containing solid waste produced during the smelting process of iron and steel plant is volatilized by fuming to produce zinc oxide dust,which has the characteristics of wide sources,complex components,and large fluctuations of raw materials.In view of the problems of poor adaptability of raw materials,low direct yield of zinc and difficult enrichment of lead in leaching residue during the traditional zinc hydrometallurgy process,a new method of oxidation and pressure acid leaching technology was proposed.The effects of liquid-solid ratio,reaction time,leaching temperature,oxidant,and other factors on the leaching efficiency of zinc,indium,and main metal irons were investigated.The results showed that the leaching efficiency of zinc is more than 80%under the optimal of oxidation neutral leaching at the temperature of 60℃,the liquid-solid ratio of 3.9 mL/g,the leaching time of 1 h,the neutralization time of 2 h,and the dosage of hydrogen peroxide of 62 mL/kg.In this case,the concentration of iron in the leaching solution less than 20 mg/L,and the precipitation of zinc and iron can be realized simultaneously,which is easy for subsequent solution treatment.In the pressure acid leaching process,the sulfide is oxidized via using the precipitated ferric irons in the oxidation neutral leaching.Results display that the total leaching efficiency of zinc and indium reached 98%and 90%,respectively,at the conditions of no oxidant,temperature 125℃,liquid-solid ratio 2.5 mL/g and leaching time of 3 h,and the acid concentration of leaching agent is 150 g/L.Moreover,zinc and indium were leached simultaneously and efficiently,and the valence state of iron in the leaching solution can be controlled synchronously.The concentration of iron ions in the pressurized acid leaching solution is about 17 g/L,in there,and the concentration of the ferrous ions is about 16 g/L.The content of lead in the residue is more than 30%,and the enrichment ratio is high.What’s more,the aims of increasing the zinc direct yield,simplifying the

关 键 词：氧化锌烟尘 氧化中浸 中浸渣 加压酸浸 铟 

分 类 号：TF813[冶金工程—有色金属冶金]