铀矿开采及生态修复技术研究进展  

Research Progress of Uranium Mining and Ecological Restoration Technology

作　　者：袁志华[1,2] 孙占学[1] 刘金辉[1] 刘亚洁[1] 周义朋[1] 周仲魁[1] 李泽兵[1] 李明东 温桃 袁家懋 YUAN Zhihua;SUN Zhanxue;LIU Jinhui;LIU Yajie;ZHOU Yipeng;ZHOU Zhongkui;LI Zebing;LI Mingdong;WEN Tao;YUAN Jiamao(State Key Laboratory of Nuclear Resources and Environment,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China;School of Civil and Construction Engineering,East China University of Technology,Nanchang 330013,China;Gandong University,Fuzhou 344000,China)

机构地区：[1]东华理工大学核资源与环境国家重点实验室,南昌330013 [2]东华理工大学土木与建筑工程学院,南昌330013 [3]赣东学院,江西抚州344000

出　　处：《有色金属工程》2022年第11期146-154,共9页Nonferrous Metals Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41772266);东华理工大学核资源与环境国家重点实验室开放基金(2022NRE20);国家国防科技工业局核设施退役及放射性废物治理科研项目(科工二司[2019]1276号);国防基础科研计划项目(JCKY2019401D003)。

摘　　要：从1972年至今,我国铀矿采冶技术首先通过借鉴发达国家技术,再到目前研发的先进采冶技术渐居领跑地位。目前逐步起到在铀矿采冶领域领跑的作用。系统梳理了铀矿常规开采、堆浸、原地爆破浸出及地浸等采铀技术,并评述了其研究进展,其中重点介绍了目前铀矿开采的主流技术-地浸采铀技术的研究进展;评述了铀矿植物、土壤及地下水微生物等生态修复技术。铀矿地下水微生物修复技术在铀矿地下水修复中具有广阔的应用前景,选育耐重金属离子及耐低酸微生物菌群是铀矿地下水微生物修复技术的一个重要研究方向。Since 1972,China′s uranium mining technology has developed from the first generation of technology system to the third generation of technology system,and has gradually played a leading role in the field of uranium mining and metallurgy.This paper reviews the research progress of uranium mining technology such as conventional mining,heap leaching,in-situ blasting leaching and in-situ leaching,and focuses on the mainstream technology of uranium mining-in-situ leaching technology.The ecological restoration technologies of plants,soil,landscape and groundwater microorganisms in uranium mines were reviewed.It is worth noting that microbial leaching and remediation technology will have broad application prospects in uranium mining and remediation technology because of its economic,environmental protection and high efficiency.

关 键 词：铀矿开采 生态修复 生物浸出 

分 类 号：TL212.12[核科学技术—核燃料循环与材料] X753[环境科学与工程—环境工程]