中国仙人掌科一新归化种——匍地仙人掌  

Opuntia humifusa(Raf.)Raf.,a newly naturalized species of Cactaceae in China

作　　者：王琦[1] 严靖[1] WANG Qi;YAN Jing(Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden,Shanghai 201602,China)

机构地区：[1]上海辰山植物园,上海201602

出　　处：《广西植物》2022年第10期1767-1771,共5页Guihaia

基　　金：上海市绿化与市容管理局科研项目(G182425,G182419)。

摘　　要：在进行多肉植物资源调查时,在我国山东省发现一仙人掌科仙人掌属新记录种——匍地仙人掌[Opuntia humifusa(Raf.)Raf.]。该种具有独特的匍匐生长习性,叶状茎深绿色,无白霜,无针状刺,花黄色,与国内分布的仙人掌属其他物种区别明显。匍地仙人掌原产于北美洲,是仙人掌科为数不多的耐寒种类之一,现归化于中国山东省日照市五莲县,系目前发现的在我国野外分布最北的仙人掌科植物。该种可能于20世纪50年代在国家推广中药材时期引入种植,人类活动致使其种群逐渐扩散。同时,对匍地仙人掌与江苏报道的二色仙人掌之间的分类学问题进行了论述,并对将来匍地仙人掌在我国暖温带地区合理的开发利用进行了展望。Opuntia humifusa(Raf.)Raf.(Cactaceae),a newly recorded species in China,was discovered during a survey of succulent resources.This species is distinct from other Opuntia species distributed in China,with the dark green prostrate cladodes,no glaucous,spines absent,and bright yellow flowers.O.humifusa is one of the few hardy species in the family Cactaceae.It is native to North America and has been recently naturalized in Wulian County,Rizhao City,Shandong Province,China.It is the northernmost wild cactus found in China.This species might have been introduced and planted during the national promotion of Chinese herbal medicine in the 1950 s,and gradually spreaded through human activities.Here we clarify the taxonomic problems of O.humifusa and O.cespitosa in Jiangsu Province,and deliver perspective views for future reasonable development and utilization of O.humifusa in the warm temperate zone of China.

关 键 词：匍地仙人掌 归化种 中国新记录 二色仙人掌 仙人掌科 

分 类 号：Q949[生物学—植物学]