垄断行为非法性的认定标准及反垄断分析的基本方法  

The Criteria for Identifying the Illegal Monopolistic Behaviour and the Basic Method of Anti-monopoly Analysis

作　　者：许光耀 Xu Guangyao

机构地区：[1]广西大学法学院,南宁530004

出　　处：《广东社会科学》2022年第6期237-247,282,283,共13页Social Sciences in Guangdong

摘　　要：反垄断法的目的是促进效率,从而增进消费者的利益及社会公共利益,因此其评价行为合法与非法的标准是该行为对效率的影响,并由此决定了反垄断分析的两个基本步骤。一是垄断行为的认定步骤:凡对竞争产生限制,并由此破坏竞争性市场结构的行为,均有损害效率的可能性,应认定为垄断行为,推定其违法。二是效率影响的考察步骤:如果能够证明该垄断行为是增进效率、维护消费者利益或社会公共利益所必需,则应使其合法。这两个步骤及其考察内容反映着反垄断分析的基本框架与逻辑,构成反垄断法的原理基础与结构基础,其具体条文的设计均应贯彻这一基本框架,才能有效避免现行《反垄断法》中的各种空白、误解与内部冲突,保障整部法律的科学性、透彻性、明晰性、统一性与可操作性。Anti-monopoly law aims to promote efficiency, thereby enhancing the interests of consumers and the public interest. Therefore, the criterion for legality and illegality is the impact of the behavior on efficiency, which generates the two basic steps of anti-monopoly analysis:(1) Determining monopolistic behavior:Any behavior that restricts competition and thus destroys the competitive market structure has the possibility of impairing efficiency. It should be regarded as a monopolistic behavior and presumed to be illegal.(2)Analysis of efficiency impact: If the parties can prove that their monopolistic behavior is necessary to achieve efficiency, enhance consumer interests or social public interests, the behavior should be legal.These two steps and their investigations reflect the basic framework and logic of anti-monopoly analysis,which constitutes the principle basis and structural basis of the Anti-Monopoly Law. The design of related provisions should be in line with the basic framework to effectively avoid the current uncertainties, misunderstandings and internal conflicts in the Anti-Monopoly Law to guarantee the scientificity, thoroughness,clarity, unity and operability of the entire law.

关 键 词：反垄断法 垄断协议 支配地位滥用行为 经营者集中 效率 竞争 

分 类 号：D922.294[政治法律—经济法学]