永陇矿区煤层顶板离层水形成及其防治研究  

Research on Formation and Prevention of Water in Bed Separation of Coal Seam Roof in Yonglong Mining Area

作　　者：郭云 杨磊 黄阳 Guo Yun;Yang Lei;Huang Yang(Shaanxi No.186 Coalfield Geology Co.,Ltd.,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710075;Shaanxi Yonglong Energy Development and Construction Co.,Ltd.,Baoji,Shaanxi 721599)

机构地区：[1]陕西省一八六煤田地质有限公司,西安710075 [2]陕西永陇能源开发建设有限责任公司,陕西宝鸡721599

出　　处：《中国煤炭地质》2022年第10期51-55,共5页Coal Geology of China

摘　　要：永陇矿区地处鄂尔多斯盆地南部,位于泾河水系的补给区,含煤地层为中侏罗统延安组,主要含水层为下白垩统洛河组。受煤层采动影响,在上覆软硬岩层结合部因变形程度不同步,形成离层水聚集,在覆岩破断冲击力和静水压力共同作用下,穿过导水裂隙下泄至工作面形成矿井水害。在分析矿区地质特征的基础上,对顶板离层水形成的离层空间、离层水、导水通道三要素进行详细分析,对工作面的推进与覆岩变化特征进行了研究,发现水位变化可引起工作面涌水量的变化,而且涌水量变化具有一定的滞后性,为工作面水害预测提供了一个较为可靠的方法。结合工作实践和矿区特征,对矿区地面直通式导流泄水孔和抽排孔在防治水害方面的特点进行说明,提出了洛河组底板相对低位是离层水聚集有利区的认识。The Yonglong mining area is located in the southern part of the Ordos Basin,in the supply area of the Jinghe River system.The coal-bearing stratum is the Middle Jurassic Yan’an Formation,and the main aquifer is the Lower Cretaceous Luohe Formation.Affected by coal mining and asynchronous deformation of rock formation,abscission layer water accumulation is formed at the junction of the overlying soft and hard rock layers.Therefore,under the action of overlying rock breaking impact force and hydrostatic pressure,the abscission layer water leaks to the working face through the water-conducting fissures,causing mine water hazards.Based on analyzing the geological characteristics of the mining area,a detailed analysis of the three elements of the abscission layer space,the abscission layer water,and the water-conducting channel formed by water in bed separation of the coal seam roof is carried out.And the advancement of the working face and the variation characteristics of the overlying rock was studied as well.The result has shown that the water level variation caused the change of water inflow in the working face,moreover,the change of water inflow had a certain hysteresis.This finding provides a more reliable method for the prediction of working face water hazards.In addition,according to the engineering practice and the characteristics of the mining area,the characteristics of the straight-through diversion discharge holes and drainage holes on the ground in the prevention and control of water hazards are explained,and it is proposed that the relatively low floor of the Luohe Formation is a favorable area for abscission layer water accumulation.

关 键 词：顶板离层水 导水裂隙带 导流泄水孔 抽排孔 水害防治 

分 类 号：TD745[矿业工程—矿井通风与安全]