枇杷属植物叶片结构与叶斑病抗性的相关性研究  

Analysis of correlation between leaf structure and resistance to leaf spot in Eriobotrya

作　　者：陈依丽 陈雨琼 邓颖 李春雨 彭泽 杨向晖[1] CHEN Yili;CHEN Yuqiong;DENG Ying;LI Chunyu;PENG Ze;YANG Xianghui(Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Horticultural Crops(South China),Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Horticulture,South China Agricultural University,Guangzhou 510642,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]农业农村部华南地区园艺作物生物学与种质创制重点实验室·华南农业大学园艺学院,广州510642

出　　处：《果树学报》2022年第11期2133-2140,共8页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFD1000900)。

摘　　要：【目的】枇杷叶斑病是枇杷生产上最为严重的叶部病害之一,探索叶片结构与枇杷叶斑病抗性的关系,明确抗叶斑病枇杷种质的抗病机制。【方法】以香花枇杷、齿叶枇杷、大花枇杷等11份不同抗性枇杷种质的成熟叶片为试验材料,采用指甲油印迹法及常规石蜡切片法对叶片气孔和显微解剖结构进行观察和测定,并就叶片结构与枇杷种质的叶斑病抗性进行了方差分析和相关性分析。【结果】不同枇杷种质间叶片的气孔密度差异显著,并且与种质的病情指数呈极显著正相关,相关系数为0.870;不同枇杷种质间叶片的显微结构特征差异显著,叶片厚度和海绵组织厚度与病情指数关系密切,相关系数分别为0.964和0.683。【结论】叶片气孔的密度、叶片厚度和海绵组织厚度可作为枇杷抗叶斑病鉴定的形态结构指标。【Objective】Loquat(Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.),originated in China,is an evergreen tree species belonging to Maloideae(Rosaceae).It is one of the earliest fruits available in the market.Leaf spot disease is a serious infectious disease in loquat The disease would lead to premature decline of tree vigor and seriously reduce the yield of loquat.The resistance to it will be extremely valuable in loquat production.The resistance is believed as a quantitative trait with complex inheritance,and the resistance of the hybrid offspring tends to be maternal inheritance.The study aimed to explore the relationship between the leaf structure and the resistance to leaf spot and to clarify the mechanism of disease resistance in loquat.【Methods】A total of 52 loquat germplasm accessions were phenotyped in the field and inoculated(indoor)for two consecutive years,including 15 wild Eriobotrya species and 37 cultivars.Field evaluations followed the grading standards of“Description Specifications and Data Standards for Loquat Germplasm Resources”.The incidences of leaf spot disease in 52 loquat germplasm accessions were investigated by visual inspection and Photoshop software for two consecutive years.The symptoms of loquat leaf spot disease were identified by comparing with the“Diagnosis and Treatment Atlas of Loquat Diseases and Insects”.Each plant was investigated in five directions,including east,south,west,north,and middle,and 10 leaves were investigated from top to bottom.Disease resistance was evaluated by disease index.The indoor inoculation was carried out by acupuncture,referring to the method described by Wan Jiang.Finally,a total of 11 loquat materials were selected,including three highly resistant accessions(E.serrate,E.fragrans,and Baili),four resistant accessions(E.fulvicoma Chun&Liao,E.deflexa f.koshunensis,Mogi,and Shiromogi),two susceptible accessions(E.kwangsiensis and Dahongpao),and two highly susceptible accessions(E.cavaleriei and Guangrongben).The mature leaves of 11 loquat germplasm accessions w

关 键 词：枇杷属植物 叶斑病 抗性 显微结构 

分 类 号：S667.3[农业科学—果树学]