火龙果新品种粤红5号的选育  

Breeding report of a new pitaya cultivar Yuehong No.5

作　　者：戴宏芬[1] 李俊成 孙清明[1] DAI Hongfen;LI Juncheng;SUN Qingming(Institute of Fruit Tree Research,Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of South Subtropical Fruit Biology and Genetic Resource Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical and Subtropi-cal Fruit Tree Research,Guangzhou 510640,Guangdong,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省农业科学院果树研究所·农业农村部南亚热带果树生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室·广东省热带亚热带果树研究重点实验室,广州510640

出　　处：《果树学报》2022年第11期2205-2208,共4页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：广州市科技特派员项目(20212100031);省科技厅项目(粤科农字﹝2021﹞151号KTP20210078);广东省农业农村厅项目(2020KJ257);广东省乡村振兴战略专项(粤农计﹝2018﹞37号、粤财农﹝2019﹞73号);广东省现代农业产业技术体系优稀水果创新团队建设项目(2019KJ116)。

摘　　要：粤红5号是从大红与普通白肉杂交F1代中选育出的火龙果新品种。果实椭圆形,整齐均匀,平均单果质量310.0 g,可食率79.5%;成熟时果皮粉红色,鳞片尖部绿色;果肉白色,肉质清爽、清甜,无青草味,口感极佳,品质上等,可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)为14.14%,可滴定酸含量0.172%。花芽分化能力强,自花坐果率90%以上,丰产稳产;枝蔓刺极少且短,利于田间管理;适应性强,抗火龙果溃疡病。适宜在火龙果产区种植。Yuehong No.5 is a new pitaya cultivar selected from the crossing progenies of Dahong×Common white flesh.Dahong is a self-compatible and productive variety with red flesh and medium quality.Its fruits are usually small and the scales are easily dry in high temperature season.Common white flesh is a self-compatible and productive variety with white flesh and grass taste.About 3000 hybrid seeds were sowed in July,2013.About 1000 healthy seedlings were chosen and transplanted in nursery in August.The scions of the seedlings were grafted on white-fleshed variety in the breeding nursery in Oct,and a total of 350 grafted seedlings survived and were planted in the field.Eight excellent strains were preliminarily selected in Oct 2014.The strain S8-301 was characterized by self-compatibility,white pulp,high sweetness,and pleasant taste without grass taste.Even more impressively,few thorns were seen on the stem of the strain,which would make planting safer and easier.The strain had stable yield and quality fruits.The regional field trials initiated in Guangzhou,Dongguan,Jiangmeng and other nearby regions in Guangdong Province in 2015.The results of five years trials showed that the cultivar had stable botanical and biological traits,wide adaptability,high disease resistance and excellent fruit quality.It was registered as a non-major crop cultivar by the Crop Variety Approval Committee of Guangdong Province and was named as Yuehong No.5 in August,2021.The bracts were linked to the peel closely or slightly stretched out.The length and thickness of bracts were moderate.The number of bracts per fruit was 16-22.The apex of bract was green.The fruit was oval and medium size,with average single fruit weight of 310.0 g,average longitudinal diameter of 10.5 cm,average horizontal diameter of 7.6 cm.After full ripening,the peel is pink and the flesh is white,compact,crispy,juicy and sweet,with soluble solids content of 14.14%,total sugar content of 12.54%,reducing sugar content of 10.12%and titratable acid content of 0.172%.It takes

关 键 词：火龙果 新品种 粤红5号 杂交 

分 类 号：S667.9[农业科学—果树学]