春播早熟区高粱杂种优势群及杂种优势模式分析  

Analysis of heterotic groups and heterosis patterns of sorghum in earlymaturing area

作　　者：陈冰嬬[1] 于淼 葛占宇 李洪奎[3] 黄炎 李海青[1] 石贵山[1] 谢利 徐宁[1] 闫峰[4] 高士杰[1] 周紫阳[1] 王鼐[1] CHEN Bing-Ru;YU Miao;GE Zhan-Yu;LI Hong-Kui;HUANG Yan;LI Hai-Qing;SHI Gui-Shan;XIE Li;XU Ning;YAN Feng;GAO Shi-Jie;ZHOU Zi-Yang;WANG Nai(Institute of Crop Germplasm Resources,Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130033,Jilin,China;Chifeng Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences,Chifeng 024031,Inner Mongolia,China;Jilin Province Baicheng Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Baicheng 137000,Jilin,China;Qiqihar Sub-academy of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Qiqihar 161006,Heilongjiang,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林省农业科学院作物资源研究所,吉林长春130033 [2]赤峰市农牧科学研究所,内蒙古赤峰024031 [3]吉林省白城市农业科学院,吉林白城137000 [4]黑龙江省农业科学院齐齐哈尔分院,黑龙江齐齐哈尔161006

出　　处：《作物学报》2023年第2期343-353,共11页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：高粱遗传与种质创新山西省重点实验室项目青年基金课题(2016K-01);吉林省科技发展计划项目(20210202001NC);吉林省农业科技创新工程项目(CXGC2021DX005);财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-06)资助。

摘　　要：杂种优势群的划分对于拓宽亲本间遗传基础、提高育种效率,培育突破性新品种具有重要的指导作用。本研究利用全基因组重测序技术对55份春播早熟区40余年生产中主推杂交种亲本系进行全基因组扫描,分析其群体结构,估算遗传距离,划分杂种优势群,分析主推杂交种的杂种优势模式。结果表明,利用全基因组5×测序,过滤到1,304,623个高质量SNP标记用于群体结构分析和杂种优势类群划分。55份高粱亲本系平均遗传距离为0.704,变幅0.627~0.927。多态信息含量(polymorphism information content,PIC)平均为0.2935,变幅为0.1~0.5。群体结构和主成分分析将55份亲本系划分为4个杂种优势群:都拉群(Durra,D群)、卡佛尔/都拉群(Kafir/Durra,KD群)、俄罗斯/卡佛尔群(Russia/Kafir,RK群)、中国高粱群(Kaoliang,K群)。25个主推杂交种中76%的杂交种杂种优势模式为Kafir/Durra×Kaoliang模式,主推高粱杂交种的不育系主要来源于引自国外的Kafir和Durra群,恢复系多来源于我国自产的Kaoliang群。本研究的群体结构分析及其划分的杂种优势群阐明了春播早熟区高粱亲本系的遗传基础,为亲本系改良和杂种优势模式创新研究提供科学依据。The division of heterotic groups can play an important guiding role in broadening the genetic basis of parents,improving breeding efficiency and developing breakthrough new hybrids.In this study,we used the whole genome resequencing technology to scan the whole genome of 55 parent lines of dominant hybrids lines in spring sowing early maturing region for more than 40 years,analyzed their population structure,estimated genetic distance,divided heterosis groups,and analyzed heterosis patterns of dominant hybrid lines.The results showed that the genetic distance of 55 germplasm were 0.704,with a range of 0.627–0.927,and the average polymorphism information content(PIC)was 0.2935,range from 0.1 to 0.5.Fifty-five parents’lines were classified into 4 heterotic groups that Durra,Kafir/Durra,Russia/Kafir,Kaoliang by the population structure and principal components analysis.Meanwhile,heterosis models of 76% hybrids of 25 main release hybrids from 1973-2014 years were Kafir/Durra×Kaoliang.The sterile line of main release hybrids was derived from Kafir and durra groups from abroad,and the restorer lines were derived from the Kaoliang group produced in China.The heterotic groups divided in this study clarified the genetic basis of sorghum parents’lines in earlymaturing area in China,which provided a scientific basis for the improvement of parental lines and the innovation of heterotic patterns.

关 键 词：高粱 亲本系 单核苷酸多态(SNP) 杂种优势 杂种优势群 杂种优势模式 

分 类 号：S514[农业科学—作物学]