小麦倒春寒抗性评价方法研究  

Evaluation method of late spring coldness tolerance in wheat

作　　者：刘方方 万映秀[1] 曹文昕[1] 李耀 张琪琪[1] 李炎[1] 张平治[1] LIU Fang-Fang;WAN Ying-Xiu;CAO Wen-Xin;LI Yao;ZHANG Qi-Qi;LI Yan;ZHANG Ping-Zhi(Crop Research Institute,Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Anhui Provincial Key Laboratory of Crop Quality Improvement,Hefei 230031,Anhui,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽省农业科学院作物研究所/农作物品质改良安徽省重点实验室,安徽合肥230031

出　　处：《作物学报》2023年第2期438-446,共9页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：安徽小麦良种联合攻关项目(2021);财政部和农村农业部国家现代农业产业技术体系建设专项(CARS-3-2-14);安徽省科技重大专项(202003a06020010)资助。

摘　　要：倒春寒是造成小麦减产的重要因素,培育抗倒春寒品种是重要育种目标。为了明确小麦倒春寒抗性鉴定的适宜处理条件,建立倒春寒抗性评价方法,本研究选用倒春寒抗性差异明显的6个品种进行不同发育时期和不同温度处理,以死茎率作为评价指标,筛选小麦倒春寒抗性鉴定最适处理条件,并用120份小麦品种(系)对该方法进行验证。结果表明,死茎率随温度降低和发育进程推进总体呈升高趋势。药隔期-6℃下处理6 h,品种间死茎率差异最明显,是进行倒春寒抗性鉴定的最适处理条件。验证试验表明该处理条件能有效区分120份小麦品种(系)的倒春寒抗性,聚类分析将120份小麦品种分成极强、强、中等、弱、极弱5类,根据分类结果建立了小麦倒春寒抗性评价标准。本研究为开展小麦倒春寒抗性鉴定和抗性品种培育提供了技术支撑。Sensitivity to late spring coldness can result in considerable yield loss in wheat,and the breeding cold-resistant cultivar becomes an important breeding objective.In order to investigate the suitable treatment conditions for late spring coldness tolerance and to establish an evaluation method for the resistance to late spring coldness in wheat,six cultivars with different late spring coldness tolerance were used for different temperature treatments at different developmental stages based on the dead stem rate.The optimum treatment conditions had been revealed and validated with 120 varieties(lines).The results showed significant differences in the dead stem rate was observed at anther connective formation phase(ACFP)under -6℃ after 6 h stress treatment,which was the most suitable treatment condition for the identification of resistance to late spring coldness.Furthermore,the variation in late spring coldness tolerance among 120 wheat varieties(lines)could be effectively distinguished from the treatment conditions.Cluster analysis demonstrated that the 120 wheat varieties(lines)can be divided into five categories in the resistance to late spring coldness:highly resistant,resistant,moderately resistant,susceptible,and highly susceptible.The established evaluation standard of late spring coldness in wheat will provide technical support for the identification and breeding of resistant wheat varieties in late spring coldness.

关 键 词：小麦 倒春寒 分级标准 抗性评价方法 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]