基于数控指令修正的数控内圆磨床几何误差补偿  

Geometric Error Compensation of CNC Internal Grinder Machine Based on CNC Command Correction

作　　者：范晋伟[1] 秦池 潘日 FAN Jinwei;QIN Chi;PAN Ri(College of Mechanical Engineering&Applied Electronics Technology,Beijing University of Technology,Beijing 100124,China)

机构地区：[1]北京工业大学机械工程与应用电子技术学院,北京100124

出　　处：《机床与液压》2022年第21期157-162,共6页Machine Tool & Hydraulics

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(2019ZX04006-001)。

摘　　要：为减小各几何误差对机床加工精度的影响、提高机床加工精度,以数控精密内圆磨床为研究对象,基于多体系统理论及齐次坐标变换原理,得到磨床的空间运动误差模型,建立几何误差与运动位置之间的映射关系。对加工补偿点的确定方法及数控指令修改方法进行研究,得到精密加工数控指令;通过软件进行阶梯轴试件的加工仿真验证,分别得到补偿前后的数控指令,并选取5个补偿点;补偿前后到理想位置的空间误差分别从0.616、0.607、0.614、0.295、0.376 cm减小到0.354、0.398、0.376、0.188、0.255 cm,分别减小42.5%、34.4%、38.6%、36.3%、32.1%。结果表明:通过修改数控指令能够提高机床加工精度。To reduce the influence of each geometric error on the machining accuracy of the machine tool and improve the machining accuracy of the machine tool,the numerical control precision internal grinder was used as the research object,based on the multi-body system theory and the homogeneous coordinate transformation principle,the spatial motion error model of the grinder was obtained,and the mapping relationship between the geometric error and the motion position was established.The determination method of machining compensation point and the modification method of NC commands were studied,and the precision machining NC commands were obtained;the CNC instructions before and after compensation were obtained through the machining simulation verification of the stepped shaft specimen,and five compensation points were selected;the spatial errors before and after compensation to the ideal position were reduced from 0.616 cm,0.607 cm,0.614 cm,0.295 cm and 0.376 cm to 0.354 cm,0.398 cm,0.376 cm,0.188 cm and 0.255 cm,respectively,which were respectively reduced by 42.5%,34.4%,38.6%,36.3%and 32.1%.The results show that the machining accuracy can be improved by using modifying the CNC instructions.

关 键 词：多体系统理论 空间运动误差模型 几何误差 数控指令修正 

分 类 号：TH161[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]