玉米茎秆强度与维管束数目及纤维含量的关系和评价  

Relationship and Evaluation of Stalk Strength,Vascular Bundle and Fiber Content in Maize

作　　者：周海宇 江禹奉 杨明冲 程伟东 覃兰秋 谢小东 谢和霞 覃宝祥[1,3] 王令强 ZHOU Hai-yu;JIANG Yu-feng;YANG Ming-chong;CHENG Wei-dong;QIN Lan-qiu;XIE Xiao-dong;XIE He-xia;QIN Bao-xiang;WANG Ling-qiang(College of Agriculture,Guangxi University,Nanning 530004;Maize Research Institute,Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanning 530007;State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources,Guangxi Nanning 530004)

机构地区：[1]广西大学农学院,南宁530004 [2]广西壮族自治区农业科学院玉米研究所,南宁530007 [3]亚热带农业生物资源保护与利用国家重点实验室,广西南宁530004

出　　处：《植物遗传资源学报》2022年第6期1636-1643,共8页Journal of Plant Genetic Resources

基　　金：广西自然科学基金项目(2021GXNSFBA220076,2020GXNSFDA238027,2022GXNSFAA035479);广西农业科学院基本科研业务专项项目(桂农科2021YT017);广西科技计划项目(桂科AD20159093)。

摘　　要：玉米茎秆倒伏严重影响产量、品质和机械化收获。本研究以110份遗传多样性丰富的玉米种质资源为研究对象,对包括茎秆强度、维管束数目和纤维含量等8个性状进行相关性分析,并比较不同血缘种质的差异。结果表明,弯折强度与穿刺强度、大维管束数目与小维管束数目、中性洗涤纤维与酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维与半纤维素具有协同作用;大维管束数目越多弯折强度越强,抗倒性越好;中性洗涤纤维含量越高弯折和穿刺强度越强,抗倒性越好;在广西南宁生态环境条件下,热带种质的茎秆强度较强、维管束数目较多、纤维含量较高,从中较易选育抗倒性强的优异种质资源。研究结果可为玉米抗倒性研究提供理论参考,为热带种质在玉米抗倒性方面的改良和利用提供借鉴。Maize stalk lodging seriously affects yield,quality and mechanized harvest. In this study,110maize germplasm resources with rich genetic diversity were used to analyze the correlation among 8 traits of stalk strength,vascular bundle and fiber content,and the differences of consanguinity germplasm were compared.The results show that there is a synergistic effect between bending strength and puncture strength,the number of large vascular bundles and the number of small vascular bundles,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber,neutral detergent fiber and hemicellulose. Four traits,including the number of large vascular bundles,the content of neutral detergent fiber,the bending strength and the puncture strength,all positively correlated with the lodging resistance. Under climatic conditions in Nanning,Guangxi,the tropical maize germplasms showed stronger stalk strength,more vascular bundles and higher fiber content,in which elite germplasms with strong lodging resistance were identified. Collectively,these results provided theoretical reference for deciphering the lodging resistance of maize,which has implication for the improvement and utilization of tropical maize germplasms.

关 键 词：玉米 抗倒性 茎秆强度 维管束 纤维 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]