基于齿轮机构的SMA-摩擦阻尼器试验研究及数值模拟  

EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMBERICAL SIMULATION OF SMA-FRICTION DAMPER BASED ON GEAR MECHANISM

作　　者：杜永峰[1,2] 韩博 李虎 DU Yong-feng;HAN Bo;LI Hu(Institute of Earthquake Protection and Disaster Mitigation,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou,Gansu 730050,China;International Research Base on Seismic Mitigation and Isolation of Gansu Province,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou,Gansu 730050,China)

机构地区：[1]兰州理工大学防震减灾研究所,甘肃兰州730050 [2]兰州理工大学土木工程减震隔震技术研发甘肃省国际科技合作基地,甘肃兰州730050

出　　处：《工程力学》2022年第12期190-201,共12页Engineering Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51778276)。

摘　　要：基于齿轮机构对形状记忆合金(SMA)丝非比例拉伸的特点,提出了一种新型SMA-摩擦阻尼器,并阐述了该阻尼器的基本构造和工作原理。对SMA丝进行循环拉伸试验,考察了加载幅值、加载速率对其力学性能的影响规律;分别对齿轮摩擦单元和SMA-摩擦阻尼器试件进行了低周往复荷载下的力学性能试验,得到了摩擦材料、预紧力以及位移幅值对单次循环耗能、割线刚度、等效阻尼比和自复位率等力学性能指标的影响规律;建立了SMA-摩擦阻尼器的简化力学模型并进行了数值模拟。研究结果表明:所用复合树脂材料较黄铜材料出力更大,性能更稳定;新型阻尼器具有良好的耗能能力、承载能力及自复位能力,可实现大行程设计;利用OpenSees有限元模型计算得到的滞回曲线与试验曲线吻合较好,验证了力学模型和材料本构二次开发的正确性。Based on the non-proportional stretching of shape memory alloy(SMA)wire by the gear mechanism,a novel SMA-friction damper is proposed and the basic configuration and working principle of the damper are expounded.The effects of loading amplitude and loading rate on the mechanical properties of SMA wires are investigated by cyclic tensile tests.The mechanical properties of the gear friction unit and SMA-friction damper specimens under cyclic loading are tested respectively to investigate the effects of friction materials,of preloading forces and of displacement amplitudes on the mechanical performance indexes,such as energy consumption per cycle,secant stiffness,equivalent damping ratio and self-centering rate.The simplified mechanical model of a SMA-friction damper is established and numerically simulated.The results show that the composite resin material has a greater friction and higher stability compared with brass material.The novel damper has excellent energy dissipation capacity,bearing capacity and self-centering capacity,and can be applied in a large displacement situation.The hysteresis curves computed using the OpenSees finite element model are in a good agreement with the experimental ones,which proves that the mechanical model and the secondary development of the material constitutive are valid.

关 键 词：被动控制 摩擦阻尼器 力学试验 形状记忆合金 齿轮机构 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TU352.1[建筑科学—结构工程]