灌溉时段及水温对膜下滴灌棉花生长及产量的影响  

Effects of irrigation timing and water temperature on cotton growth and yield under mulched drip irrigation

作　　者：王振华[1,2,3] 武小荻 王天宇 宗睿 王东旺 陈睿 WANG Zhenhua;WU Xiaodi;WANG Tianyu;ZONG Rui;WANG Dongwang;CHEN Rui(College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering,Shihezi University,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000,China;Key Laboratory of Modern Water-Saving Irrigation of Xinjiang Production&Construction Corp,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000,China;Key Laboratory of Northwest Oasis Water-Saving Agriculture,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Shihezi,Xinjiang 832000,China)

机构地区：[1]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]现代节水灌溉兵团重点实验室,新疆石河子832000 [3]农业农村部西北绿洲节水农业重点实验室,新疆石河子832000

出　　处：《排灌机械工程学报》2022年第10期1040-1047,共8页Journal of Drainage and Irrigation Machinery Engineering

基　　金：兵团重点领域创新团队项目(2019CB004);新疆水专项“旱区农业高效节水发展战略研究”(2020.D-002)。

摘　　要：为探究不同灌溉时段及水温对膜下滴灌棉花生理特性及产量的影响,设置4个灌溉水温梯度分别为15.00(正常灌溉水温),20.00,25.00,30.00℃,2个灌溉时段分别为日间、夜间(分别记为DW,NW)进行完全组合设计,共计8个处理.结果表明,增温灌溉提前了棉花生育进程,促进了棉花株高、茎粗、叶面积增长,有利于棉花光合作用的进行,且在夜间进行增温灌溉效果更显著.增温灌溉使棉花产量显著提高2.95%~14.13%,夜间灌溉较日间灌溉棉花产量平均提高3.34%.基于回归分析确定提高棉花产量的最佳灌溉时段为夜间,最佳灌溉水温为26.38℃,对应的产量为7482.96 kg/hm^(2).该研究可为北疆膜下滴灌棉花实施增温灌溉技术提供理论依据和技术参考.In order to explore the effects of different irrigation timing and water temperature on the physiological characteristics and yield of cotton under mulched drip irrigation,four irrigation water temperature levels were set as 15.00(normal irrigation water temperature),20.00,25.00,and 30.00℃,and two irrigation timing levels were daytime and nighttime(denoted as DW and NW,respectively)for a complete combined design,with a total of eight treatments.The results show that warming irrigation advances the growth process of cotton,promotes the growth of plant height,stem diameter and leaf area of cotton,and is conducive to the photosynthesis of cotton.The effect of warming irrigation at night is more significant.Warming irrigation significantly increases seed cotton yield by 2.95%- 14.13%,and nighttime irrigation increases cotton yield by 3.34% compared with daytime irrigation.Based on regression analysis,it is determined that the best irrigation time to increase cotton yield is at night,the best irrigation water temperature was 26.38℃,and the corresponding yield is 7482.96 kg/hm^(2).The results can provide theoretical basis and technical reference for the implementation of warming irrigation technology for drip irrigation cotton under film in northern Xinjiang.

关 键 词：棉花 灌溉时段 灌溉水温 生理特性 籽棉产量 

分 类 号：S275[农业科学—农业水土工程] S562[农业科学—农业工程]