不同时间采收的灵武长枣果实品质综合评价  

Comprehensive evaluation of fruit quality of Ziziphus jujuba Mill.‘Lingwuchangzao’ harvested at different dates

作　　者：李慧[1] 李百云[1] 李超 LI Hui;LI Baiyun;LI Chao(Horticultures Institute of Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan 750002,Ningxia,China;The Apple Industry Development Center of Zhaotong,Zhaotong 657099,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏农林科学院园艺研究所,宁夏银川750002 [2]昭通市苹果产业发展中心,云南昭通657099

出　　处：《经济林研究》2022年第3期265-272,共8页Non-wood Forest Research

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金项目(2020AAC03324,2020AAC03325);宁夏银川市葡萄、枣国家林木种质资源库项目;宁夏农林科学院对外科技合作专项(DW-X-2020004);宁夏回族自治区财政林业新技术引进及推广项目([2019]NX12)。

摘　　要：【目的】为了解采收时间对灵武长枣果实品质的影响,为灵武长枣的栽培生产提供理论参考。【方法】以不同时间采收的3个产地果实为研究对象,对其外观品质(色泽、单果质量、纵径等指标)、食用品质(可滴定酸、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖等指标)、营养成分(VC、总酚、总黄酮等指标)进行检测分析,并通过相关性分析和主成分分析进行了不同时间采收果实品质的综合评价。【结果】随着采收时间的推移,灵武长枣果实色泽指标L^(*)、b^(*)值呈现下降趋势,a^(*)值呈现增加趋势,食用品质指标可滴定酸、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖含量增加,营养成分指标VC、总酚、总黄酮、原花青素含量降低。相关性分析结果显示,果实色泽指标L^(*)与可溶性固形物、可溶性糖呈极显著负相关,a^(*)与可溶性固形物、可溶性糖呈极显著正相关,b^(*)与可溶性糖呈极显著负相关。主成分分析结果显示,该方法将16个果实品质指标简化为4个主成分,其累积方差贡献率为94.214%,影响第1主成分的指标主要有L^(*)、a^(*)、b^(*)、可溶性固形物、可溶性糖,影响第2主成分的指标主要有总酚、可滴定酸,影响第3主成分的指标主要有果形指数,影响第4主成分的指标主要有VC。【结论】基于主成分分析的综合评价显示,临河镇上桥村、东塔镇果园村基地在第3次采收时果实综合评价最高,园艺试验场在第2次采收时果实综合评价最高。【Objective】To learn effects of harvest date on fruit quality of Ziziphus jujuba mill. cv. Lingwuchangzao,and to provide a theoretical reference for cultivation and production of ‘Lingwuchangzao’.【Method】Taking the fruits of three production areas as the research object, which were harvested at different times. The appearance quality(color,single fruit mass, longitudinal diameter, and so on), edible quality(titratable acid, soluble solids, soluble sugar, and so on) and nutritional components(VC, total phenol, total flavonoid) were detected and analyzed, and the fruit quality was comprehensively evaluated by correlation analysis and principal component analysis.【Result】With the delay of harvest time, the L^(*) and b^(*) values of fruit color showed a downward trend, the a^(*) value showed an increasing trend, the content of titratable acid, soluble solid and soluble sugar of edible quality index increased, and the content of VC, total phenol, total flavonoid and procyanidin decreased. The results of correlation analysis showed that the fruit color index L^(*) had an extreme significant negative correlation with soluble solids and soluble sugar, a^(*) had an extreme significant positive correlation with soluble solids and soluble sugar, and b^(*) had an extreme significant negative correlation with soluble sugar. The principal component result showed that the 16 indexes were simplified into 4 principal components,and the cumulative variance contribution rate was 94.214%. The first main component mainly was affected by L^(*), a^(*),b^(*), soluble solid and soluble sugar. The second main component was affected mainly by total phenol and titratable acid.The third main component was affected mainly by fruit shape index. The fourth main component was affected mainly by VC.【Conclusion】The comprehensive evaluation based on the principal component analysis showed that the comprehensive evaluation of fruits from Shangqiao village and Guoyuan village was the highest in the third harvest, and the comprehens

关 键 词：灵武长枣 采收时间 果实品质 主成分 综合评价 

分 类 号：S655.1[农业科学—果树学]