硫循环驱动矿区地下水As污染形成与As形态转化的研究进展  

Research progress on arsenic formation and conversion in groundwater in mining areas driven by biogeochemical sulfur cycle

作　　者：郭家华 周舜杰 丘艳莹 李钰 夏俊涛 邹佳慧 江峰[1] GUO Jiahua;ZHOU Shunjie;QIU Yanying;LI Yu;XIA Juntao;ZOU Jiahui;JIANG Feng(Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology/School of Environmental Science&Engineering,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou 510275,China;Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Chemical Pollution and Environmental Safety/MOE Key Laboratory of Theoretical Chemistry of Environment/School of Environment,South China Normal University,Guangzhou 510006,China)

机构地区：[1]广东省环境污染控制与修复技术重点实验室/中山大学环境科学与工程学院,广东广州510275 [2]广东省化学品污染与环境安全重点实验室/环境理论化学教育部重点实验室/华南师范大学环境学院,广东广州510006

出　　处：《中山大学学报（自然科学版）（中英文）》2022年第6期1-14,共14页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Sunyatseni

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51638005);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(20lgzd24);广东省城市水系统与治理技术国际联合研究中心(2021A0505020010)。

摘　　要：矿区地下水As污染导致严重的环境与健康问题。矿区地下水As释放与迁移转化过程中,硫的生物地球化学循环起关键作用,包括一系列S-As复杂的生物化学反应。硫循环对As污染的影响机制尚不清楚,限制了As污染控制技术的研发与应用。因此,厘清生化硫循环对矿区地下水As污染形成与As形态转化的影响是控制矿区地下水As污染的关键。本文综述了硫的还原、氧化以及歧化等多个硫转化过程组成的硫循环机制及其对矿区地下水As污染形成与As形态转化中的影响。结果表明,硫还原过程对矿区地下水As污染的形成与转化作用具有两面性,既可导致As释放,亦可使As固定;硫氧化过程可把As(Ⅲ)转化为As(Ⅴ)从而被吸附固定,同时可介导As还原使As毒性及可移动性增强;此外,自养的硫歧化过程可改变矿区地下水中S的价态和形态,进而对As的迁移转化产生显著影响。本文对S-As耦合循环对矿区地下水As污染控制的意义与发展前景进行了展望,提出在矿区地下水As污染的形成、转化与控制研究中,应首先明晰地下水硫生物地球化学循环网络并探明其对As形态转化的影响,进而构建S-As耦合转化数学模型,以助于研发更有效的矿区地下水As污染控制技术。本综述有助于增进对矿区地下水As污染形成及As形态转化机制的认识,为矿区地下水As污染有效控制提供可行技术支撑。Arsenic pollution of groundwater in the mining areas leads to serious problems in environmental impact and human health.The biogeochemical cycle of sulfur plays a critical role in the release,migration,and transformation of arsenic in groundwater in the mining areas.Notably,arsenic and sulfur undergo similar chemical and biological redox reactions,and their biogeochemical cycles are often interconnected,making it difficult to clarify the influence of the sulfur cycle on the transformation of arsenic.Accordingly,clarifying the impact mechanism of the biochemical sulfur cycle on the formation and conversion of arsenic is the core to controlling the arsenic pollution in groundwater in mining areas.This article reviews the roles of various biochemical sulfur processes including sulfate reduction,sulfide oxidation,and sulfur disproportionation in the arsenic formation and transformation.It is demonstrated that the dissimilatory sulfate reduction process plays a dual role in the formation and conversion of arsenic in groundwater in mining areas.The sulfur oxidation process has the potential to immobilize arsenic by using free or arsenic-bound sulfur as an electron donor to directly or indirectly transform arsenic and thioarsenat to arsenate,or reduce arsenate.Furthermore,as an important biogeochemical sulfur processes,sulfur disproportionation may also involve in the migration and transformation of arsenic in groundwater.In brief,transformations involving sulfur significantly impact the fate of environmental arsenic.The current status and prospect of the S-As coupling cycle on the arsenic pollution control of groundwater in mining areas were also discussed.Firstly,the reaction conditions of the sulfur biochemical reaction process should be investigated and the mechanism of arsenic transformation during the biogeochemical cycle of sulfur should be developed.Secondly,the sulfur-arsenic coupling transformation biogeochemical model should be constructed by integrating the reaction kinetic model of the sulfur biogeochemical

关 键 词：高硫矿区 地下水 砷污染 硫酸盐还原菌 硫的生物地球化学循环 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]