基于反向水文地球化学模拟的塔城盆地北区潜水水化学演化机制  

Evolution of Unconfined Groundwater in the Northern Tacheng Basin Based on Inverse Modeling

作　　者：崔小顺 郑昭贤[2,3] 程中双 苏晨 陈宗宇[2,3] CUI Xiao-shun;ZHENG Zhao-xian;CHENG Zhong-shuang;SU Chen;CHEN Zong-yu(Environmental Geological Investigation Institute,Hebei Bureau of Coal Geology,Shijiazhuang 050085,Hebei Province,China;Institute of Hydrogeology and Environmental Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Science,Shijiazhuang 050061,Hebei Province,China;Key Laboratory of Groundwater Sciences and Engineering,Ministry of Natural Resources,Zhengding 050803,Hebei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]河北省煤田地质局环境地质调查院,河北石家庄050085 [2]中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所,河北石家庄050061 [3]自然资源部地下水科学与工程重点实验室,河北正定050803

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2022年第11期20-25,31,共7页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：中国地质调查局地质调查项目(12120115047801);中国地质科学院基本科研业务费项目(SK202005);河北省自然科学基金项目(D2018504011)。

摘　　要：以塔城盆地北区地下水一级系统为研究对象,选取典型地下水流路径,确定参与水文地球化学反应的潜在矿物相及反应方向,评估地下水蒸发浓缩程度,基于此采用反向水文地球化学模型,定量分析了水流路径上产生的水岩作用,从而揭示该区地下水化学演化机制。结果表明:水岩作用对潜水水化学演化起到主控作用,蒸发作用对水化学组分的贡献量有限;从补给区至排泄区的径流路径上,地下水系统中主要发生,石膏、石盐、白云石溶解和Na^(+)-Ca^(2+)之间的正向阳离子交换,并发生少量的斜长石不全等溶解和方解石沉淀;研究区内西区地下水流动子系统的径流条件比东区地下水流动子系统较好,地下水更新速率较快,使水岩作用对地下水化学组分的贡献量较小,而且在西区地下水子系统基本不发生盐岩溶解作用,这使其水质相比东区较好。研究成果可为我国西北干旱-半干旱盆地地下水资源的优化配置及可持续开发利用提供科学依据。The contrast between water resource supply and demand is very prominent in the arid and semiarid inland basins of Northwest China.The plain area of those basins is arid,the groundwater is mainly formed in the mountains and their piedmont areas,and originate from the atmospheric precipitation and ice/snow melt water.Groundwater undergoes multiple hydro-chemical processes during the long-distance runoff before discharging from the aquifer,which determines the complexity of the formation and evolution of groundwater hydrochemistry in arid and semiarid basins.The hydro-chemical evolution of groundwater is the main factor affecting its chemical composition and content,and is also the internal mechanism controlling its quality.Therefore,the understanding of the evolution mechanism of hydro-geochemistry is of importance for the scientific management of regional groundwater resources,and is beneficial to coordinated development of the ecological environment and the economy in arid areas.In this study,the groundwater flow system of the northern Tacheng Basin is taken as the research area.The water–rock interactions that occur through groundwater flow are analyzed quantitatively by using inverse modeling based on select⁃ing typical groundwater flow paths,identifying the potential mineral phases and reaction directions involved in hydro-geochemical process⁃es,and calculating the evaporation degree of groundwater.Results reveal that water–rock interactions play a dominant role in the hydrochemical evolution of unconfined groundwater,while evaporation has little impact on its hydro-chemical composition.Dissolution of gyp⁃sum,halite,and dolomite,positive cation exchange between Na^(+)-Ca^(2+),minor plagioclase dissolution,and calcite precipitation occur in the groundwater system flowing from the recharge area to the discharge area.The runoff condition of the groundwater subsystem in the western re⁃gion is better than that in the eastern region,and the groundwater circulation speed is faster.Thus,the contribution of

关 键 词：水化学演化 反向水文地球化学模拟 水岩作用 塔城盆地 

分 类 号：TV21[水利工程—水文学及水资源]