水患与路案:义和团时期高密事件再研究  

Flood and Railway Incident:Re-examining the Gaomi Incident During the Boxer Rebellion Period

作　　者：刘本森[1] Liu Bensen(School of History and Culture,Shandong Normal University,Jinan 250014,China)

机构地区：[1]山东师范大学历史文化学院,山东济南250014

出　　处：《东方论坛（青岛大学学报）》2022年第6期76-86,F0002,共12页Eastern Forum（JOURNAL OF QINGDAO UNIVERSITY）

基　　金：山东省泰山学者工程专项经费(tsqn201812040)资助的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：高密县地处山东半岛胶莱谷地,河流众多,暴雨时易遭水患。清末德占青岛之后,筹筑胶济铁路。铁路勘测和修筑至高密时,因铁路为东西走向,而当地河流为南北流向,百姓认为修路会抬高路基、影响泄洪,于是掀起了声势浩大的阻路运动。铁路勘测时,百姓拔掉路标,要求改路,但该诉求被地方官以偶发冲突为由遮蔽。筑路开工后,民众群起阻路反洋,提出改路、多筑涵洞等要求,清政府居中缓和,一面劝谕百姓、听从诉求,一面与德人交涉。袁世凯与德人谈判定章,使德人同意部分改路、多筑涵洞。山东省也拨银五千两疏浚河道。百姓的反抗取得一定成效,但民众反抗活动遭到德人镇压,付出了殒命数百人的代价,未能解决筑路带来的水患问题。高密事件此前被视为义和团运动的一部分,实际上高密事件与义和团运动在斗争目标、组织方式、清政府对其定位方面均不相同,其与义和团运动的性质截然不同。Gaomi County is located in the Jiaolai valley of Shandong Peninsula.There are many rivers which are subject to floods during rainstorms.After the German occupation of Qingdao in late Qing dynasty,the Jiaoji Railway was to be built.From 1899 to 1901,when the survey work and railway construction came to the Gaomi section,because the railway ran east-west and the local river flowed north-south,people thought that the project would raise the roadbed and affect the flood discharge,so they set off a huge movement to block the road.During the stage of survey,people pulled out the railway signs and demanded to change the route,but the demand was neglected by the local officials who insisted it was just an occasional conflict.After the railway construction began,people gathered to block the railway,demanding to change the railway route and build more culverts.The government tried to appease them,listened to their demands,and negotiated with the Germans.Yuan Shikai negotiated with the Germans,hoping they could agree to those demands.Shandong Province also allocated 5000 taels of silver to dredge the rivers.The people's resistance achieved some results,but was suppressed by the Germans,costing hundreds of lives and the flood problem caused by railway construction remained unsolved.The Gaomi Incident was previously regarded as part of the Boxer Movement.In fact,it is different from the Boxer Movement in terms of struggle objectives,organization methods and the positioning of the Qing government,and its nature is quite different from that of the Boxer Movement.

关 键 词：高密事件 胶济铁路 义和团 袁世凯 

分 类 号：K256.9[历史地理—历史学]