村域社会资本与农村互助养老实现——基于农村老人养老服务供给意愿视角的分析  

Social Capital in the Village and Realization of Mutual Support for the Aged in Rural Areas:An Empirical Analysis Based on the Supply Willingness of Rural Elder Care Services

作　　者：聂建亮[1] 曹梦迪 吴玉锋[1] NIE Jianliang;CAO Mengdi;WU Yufeng(School of Public Administration,Northwest University,Xi’an 710127,China)

机构地区：[1]西北大学公共管理学院,陕西西安710127

出　　处：《西南大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第6期52-66,共15页Journal of Southwest University(Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金项目“农村失能老人家庭照护的社会网络支持研究”(22BSH089),项目负责人:聂建亮。

摘　　要：互助养老能否实现很大程度上取决于农村老人拥有的养老服务供给意愿。本研究基于对全国11省31村农村老人的抽样调查数据,展示了农村老人养老服务供给意愿的特征,并运用多元线性回归模型,从村域社会资本切入,分析了村域网络、村域互惠、村域信任以及村域规范对农村老人养老服务供给意愿的影响。研究发现:在服务内容上,农村老人更愿意为他人提供精神慰藉服务,然后是生活照料服务,最后是医疗护理服务;在服务对象上,农村老人养老服务的供给意愿符合由近及远的“差序格局”特征。村域社会资本对农村老人养老服务供给意愿的影响是多维的,村域网络中的正式网络显著正向影响农村老人养老服务的供给意愿,但非正式网络的影响则不显著;村域信任中的人际信任显著正向影响农村老人养老服务的供给意愿,而制度信任的影响则不显著;村域互惠与村域规范均显著正向影响农村老人养老服务的供给意愿。研究还发现,村域社会资本对农村老人养老服务供给意愿的影响存在服务内容和服务对象的差异,同时还存在群体分异。Whether mutual support for the aged can be realized mostly depends on the willingness of the elderly to provide care servicesin rural areas.Based on the sample data of 32 villages in 11 provinces of China,this paper indicated the characteristics of the supply willingness of care services in rural areas.Using the Linear Multi-Variation Regression Model and taking the village domain social capital as the entry point,this paper analyzed the influence of social networks,social reciprocity,social trust and social norms which within the village domain on the willingness of rural elderly to provide care services.This paper put forward the following research findings.First,in terms of service content,the rural elderly are more willing to provide mental support services,followed by life care services,and finally medical care services.Second,in terms of service object,the willingness of rural elderly to provide care services is in line with the characteristics of“Diversity-Orderly Structure”from the closest to the alienation.The influence of village domain social capital on the willingness of rural elderly to provide care services is multidimensional.The formal networks in the village domain networks have significant positive impacts on the willingness of rural elderly to provide care services,but the impacts of informal networks are not significant.Interpersonal trust in village domain trust has a significant positive impact on the supply willingness of care services in rural areas,but the impact of institutional trust is not significant.Both the village domain social reciprocity and social norms have significant positive impacts on the willingness of the rural elderlyto providecare services.The influence of village domain social capital on the willingness of the rural elderly to providecare services is not only different in service content and service objects,but also different among groups.

关 键 词：农村老人 社会资本 养老服务 供给意愿 差序格局 人口老龄化 

分 类 号：C913.6[经济管理]