基于电流半波差异的单相四象限整流器开路故障诊断  

Half-wave difference based open-circuit fault diagnosis of single phase four quadrant rectifier with one current sensor

作　　者：伍珣 李凯迪 田睿 于天剑[1] WU Xun;LI Kaidi;TIAN Rui;YU Tianjian(School of Traffic&Transportation Engineering,Central South University,Changsha 410075,China;Shenzhen Metro Group,Shenzhen 518040,China;State Grid Hunan Extra High Voltage Substation Company,Changsha 410004,China)

机构地区：[1]中南大学交通运输工程学院,湖南长沙410075 [2]深圳地铁集团,广东深圳518040 [3]国网湖南超高压变电公司,湖南长沙410004

出　　处：《中南大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第10期3912-3922,共11页Journal of Central South University:Science and Technology

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金资助项目(2020JJ5757)。

摘　　要：单相四象限整流器是变流系统的重要组成部分,由于系统控制的复杂性、器件老化、环境干扰以及机械振动等原因,单相四象限整流器不可避免地会出现开关器件模块烧损、模块振裂、线路松动和接触不良等现象,进而引发绝缘栅双极型晶体管(IGBT)或反并联二极管的开路故障,导致网侧输入电流畸变、直流侧电压幅值降低,给整个系统带来极大安全隐患。因此,本文针对单相四象限整流器开路故障提出一种基于电流半波差异的故障诊断方法。该方法以单相四象限整流器输入电流作为开路故障诊断变量,分析IGBT及其反并联二极管分别发生开路故障时的整流器等效电路以及电流变化规律;对输入电流进行标准化处理以削减负载变化对电流幅值的影响,采用间隔半个周期的电流幅值之和及其均方根来描述输入电流相邻半波的特征差异,并以此为故障判定依据对IGBT开路故障与反并联二极管开路故障进行有效区分。研究结果表明:本文所提方法能够对IGBT开路故障与反并联二极管开路故障进行准确辨别,在负载波动、网压波动以及载波频率变化时具有较好的鲁棒性。Single-phase four quadrant rectifier is an important part of the converter system.Due to the complexity of system control,aging,environmental interference,vibration and other reasons,the rectifier is prone to IGBT internal module burning,module vibration crack,and poor contact,which are mainly manifested as open-circuit fault and can lead to current distortion,DC voltage reduction,and bring great damage to the whole system.Therefore,an open-circuit fault diagnosis method was proposed based on half wave difference of current for single-phase four quadrant rectifier.In this method,the input current sensor was used as the diagnosis variable.The equivalent circuit and current variation rule of both IGBT open-circuit faults and reverse parallel diode open circuit faults were analyzed.The input current was standardized to reduce the influence of load change on current amplitude.The sum of current amplitudes with half a cycle interval and its root mean square were used to describe the characteristic difference of the current and identify IGBT open-circuit faults and reverse parallel diode open circuit faults.The results show that the proposed method is effective in fault diagnosis and has good robustness to load variation,voltage variation and different carrier frequencies.

关 键 词：单相四象限整流器 开路故障 故障诊断 输入电流 

分 类 号：TM464[电气工程—电器]