社区居家失能老人及照顾者的生存现状和医疗照护需求调查  

Investigation on Living Status and Medical Care Needs of Home-based Disabled Elderly and Their Caregivers in Community

作　　者：李斌[1] 袁园 Li Bin;Yuan Yuan(General Practice Department,Lujiazui Community Health Service Center of Pudong New Area,Shanghai 200120,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市浦东新区陆家嘴社区卫生服务中心全科,上海200120

出　　处：《中国社区医师》2022年第28期133-135,共3页Chinese Community Doctors

基　　金：浦东新区优势全科学科建设项目(编号:PWYq2020-06)。

摘　　要：目的:了解社区居家失能老年人的生存现状及医疗照护需求,为提供家庭医疗照护提供依据。方法:采用一般资料调查表、日常生活活动能力量表Barthel指数、焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表、医疗照护需求调查表对陆家嘴社区内100名居家失能老人及照顾者进行问卷调查。结果:研究共纳入对象100例,其中21名(21.0%)老年人患0~1种慢性病,56名(56.0%)老年人患2~3种慢性病,23名(23.0%)老年人患≥4种慢性病。100名失能老人的主要照顾者的焦虑自评量表评分(SAS)为(59.16±10.52)分,其中84%存在一定程度的焦虑情绪,重度焦虑率达16%,抑郁自评量表评分(SDS)为(53.61±10.91)分,其中47%存在一定程度的抑郁情绪,重度抑郁率达5%,两者评分均与BI指数呈负相关。调查100名失能老人及照顾者对医疗照顾的需求情况,其中61%对上门诊疗有需求、53%对社区康复有需求。结论:居家失能老人常患有多种慢性病,其照顾者易发生焦虑、抑郁的情况,对上门诊疗和社区康复需求较多,社区卫生服务中心可以对失能老人提供针对性的医疗服务,切实践行“医养结合”的工作目标。Objective: To understand the living status and medical care needs of the home-based disabled elderly person in thecommunity, and provide basis for family medical care. Methods: The general information questionnaire, Barthel index for activitiesof daily living, self-rating anxiety scale, self-rating depression scale, and medical care needs questionnaire were used toinvestigate 100 home-based disabled elderly and caregivers in Lujiazui community. Results: A total of 100 subjects were includedin this study. Among them, 21 elderly person(21.0%) had 0-1 chronic disease, 56 elderly person(56.0%) had 2-3 chronicdiseases, and 23 elderly person(23.0%) had ≥ 4 chronic diseases. The self-rating anxiety scale(SAS) score of primary caregiversof 100 disabled elderly was(59.16±10.52) points, among which 84% had some degree of anxiety, 16% had severe anxiety;the self-rating depression scale(SDS) score was(53.61±10.91) points, among which 47% had some degree of depression and 5% hadsevere depression. Both scores were negatively correlated with BI index. A survey was conducted on the medical are needs of 100disabled elderly person and their caregivers, among which 61% had a need for home diagnosis and treatment, and 53% had a needfor community rehabilitation. Conclusion: The home-based disabled elderly person often suffer from a variety of chronic diseases,and their caregivers are prone to anxiety and depression, they have more demands for home diagnosis and treatment andcommunity rehabilitation. Community health service centers can provide targeted medical services for elderly people withdisabilities, and practically implement the work goal of "combination of medical care and nursing".

关 键 词：失能老人 焦虑 抑郁 BARTHEL指数 

分 类 号：R47[医药卫生—护理学]