《诗经》时代之“狐”意象考论  

Interpretation of the"Fox"Images in the Book of Songs

作　　者：贾瑶 JIA Yao(College of Liberal Arts,Shandong University,Jinan 250100,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]山东大学文学院,山东济南250100

出　　处：《中国石油大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第5期62-68,共7页Journal of China University of Petroleum (Edition of Social Sciences)

摘　　要：《诗经》中有四首诗以“狐”起兴,自汉代以降人们对“狐”的象征含义认识不足,将其视为荒淫、妖媚的动物,导致对诗义的理解出现严重偏差。狐在先秦时期被赋予祥瑞与仁义的特征,象征尊贵与权力,时人对“狐裘”的赞美可作印证。《诗经》中的“狐”皆是象征男性或男性配偶的正面形象,且多与婚姻爱情相联系,并非“淫兽”或“不祥之兽”。《诗经》中的“狐”兴象与占卜卦辞中的“狐”物象在情感指向上具有相似性,“狐”预示吉兆,“狐渡水”则是困难的预兆,二者应是共同的民俗文化背景与思想观念下的产物。The Book of Songs has four poems with fox as affective images,whose symbolic meanings have been misinterpreted as lewd and seductive and hence contributed to skewed representation.In the pre-Qin period,the fox was endowed with the characteristics of auspiciousness and benevolence,symbolizing dignity and power,which could be confirmed by people s praise of"fox fur".The"fox"images in the Book of Songs are positive images of males or male spouses,mostly associated with marriage and love rather than"erotic beasts"or"ominous animals".The affective"fox"images in the Book of Songs bear a resemblance to the physical"fox"images of the divination rhetoric."Fox"foreboded auspiciousness,while"fox crossing water"prognosticated dilemma.They both came from the common folk culture background and ideology.

关 键 词：《诗经》 时代背景 “狐”意象 象征 占辞 

分 类 号：I207.222[文学—中国文学]