YJV电缆护套燃烧生成的烟尘及PAHs与氯离子排放特征研究  

Emission of Smoke and Its Associated PAHs and Chloride Ion from YJV Cable Sheath Based on Ignition Scenarios

作　　者：高阳 冯志龙 席天鹏 贺钰淏 吴水平 GAO Yang;FENG Zhilong;XI Tianpeng;HE Yuhao;WU Shuiping(College of Environment and Ecology,Xiamen University,Xiamen 361102,China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory for Coastal Ecology and Environmental Studies,Xiamen 361102,China)

机构地区：[1]厦门大学环境与生态学院,福建厦门361102 [2]福建省海陆界面生态环境重点实验室,福建厦门361102

出　　处：《安全与环境工程》2022年第6期230-239,共10页Safety and Environmental Engineering

基　　金：国家电网公司科技项目(5213042000P)。

摘　　要：YJV电缆即交联聚乙烯绝缘聚氯乙烯护套电力电缆外护套具有可燃性,一旦发生火灾,其释放的有毒烟气会严重损害人体健康及周围生态环境。为研究YJV电缆护套燃烧生成的烟尘及其负载PAHs与氯离子的排放特征,在封闭烟雾箱内对电缆护套进行了直接燃烧模拟试验。试验结果表明:70 s供火时间条件下电缆护套燃烧生成的烟尘排放因子显著大于30 s和10 s供火时间条件下的烟尘排放因子,且随燃烧量的增加而单调递减;不同供火时间条件下烟尘粒径谱特征均以<0.3μm占绝对优势,稳定条件下烟尘排放因子为(55.0±3.0)mg/g;烟尘中PAHs的谱分布特征接近,以荧蒽、苯并[a]芘和二苯并[a,h]蒽的毒性贡献最大(68%~92%);烟尘中氯离子排放因子的变化范围大[(0.29±0.02)~(11.22±0.08)mg/g],且随PVC外护套长度的增加而单调下降。The outer sheath of YJV cable which is cross-linked polyethylene insulated PVC sheathed cable is flammable.Once a fire occurs,the toxic fumes released will seriously damage human health and the surrounding ecological environment.In order to study the emission characteristics of the smoke generated by combustion and its loaded PAHs and chloride ions,we conducted a direct combustion simulation test on the cable sheath in a closed smoke box.The results show that the emission factors(EFs)of smoke for 70 s ignition period are generally higher than those for 10 s and 30 s ignition period,and the values decrease monotonically with the amount of PVC burned.The smoke particle number density is dominated by particle size less than 0.3μm.The averaged EF under the stable conditions is(55.0±3.0)mg/g.The PAHs profiles in smoke are similar and their EFs increase with the ignition period.The contribution of fluoranthene,benzo[a]pyrene and dibenzo[a,h]anthracene to the BaP toxic equivalent is in the range of 68%~92%.The statistic rule between the EFs of PAHs and the amount or length of PVC burned is not evident.The EFs for chloride in smoke range from(0.29±0.02)mg/g to(11.22±0.08)mg/g,and decrease with the amount of PVC burned.

关 键 词：PVC电缆 火灾烟尘 多环芳烃(PAHs) 氯离子 排放因子 

分 类 号：X831[环境科学与工程—环境工程]