莲藕腐败病致病菌的鉴定与防治  

Identification and control of pathogenic fungi of lotus rhizome rot

作　　者：唐光美 杨馨语 张小乐 李弘星 李蕾[1,2] 郭嘉航 官会林[1,2] 黄晶心 TANG Guang-mei;YANG Xin-yu;ZHANG Xiao-le;LI Hong-xing;LI Lei;GUO Jia-hang;GUAN Hui-lin;HUANG Jing-xin(Yunnan Provincial Observation and Research Station of Soil Degradation and Restoration for Cultivating Plateau Traditional Chinese Medicinal Plants,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China;Yunnan Provincial Renewable Energy Engineering Key Laboratory,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China;Public Basic Teaching Department,Yunnan Open University,Kunming 650500,Yunnan,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学高原特色中药材种植土壤质量演变退化与修复云南省野外科学观测研究站,云南昆明650500 [2]云南师范大学云南省农村能源工程重点实验室,云南昆明650500 [3]云南开放大学公共基础教学部,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《云南大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第6期1280-1287,共8页Journal of Yunnan University(Natural Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31800443);云南省大学生创新创业训练计划(S202110681058X,S202110681036X);云南师范大学研究生科研创新基金(YJSJJ21-B79).

摘　　要：为防治莲藕腐败,减轻腐败病对莲藕种植业的影响,以云南省安宁市的发病莲藕为材料,采用组织分离法和直接挑取法对莲藕腐败病的病原菌进行分离、纯化,通过形态学和分子生物学方法确定致病菌类型.研究进一步比较了6种农药(多菌灵、百菌清、腐霉·福美双、代森锰锌、唑醚·甲菌灵、噁霉灵)对致病菌生长的抑制效果,筛选防治效果最佳的药剂,并确定该药剂的施用浓度.在发病莲藕组织上共分离纯化得到6种真菌,其中有1种真菌可导致莲藕腐败,经鉴定确定该菌为禾谷镰刀菌(Fusarium graminearum).6种农药中百菌清的抑制效果最好,抑菌率为56.49%,且稀释600倍的百菌清可完全抑制禾谷镰刀菌产孢.研究揭示了莲藕腐败病致病菌类型并提出解决方案,可为安宁市莲藕腐败病的防治提供科学指导.In order to prevent and control lotus root rot and reduce the effect of rot disease on lotus root planting,the pathogen of lotus root rot disease was isolated and purified by tissue isolation and direct picking methods based on corrupted lotus root in Anning City,Yunnan Province.The types of pathogenic fungi were determined by morphological and molecular biological methods.In this study,the inhibitory effects of six pesticides(carbendazim,chlorothalonil,procymidone·thiram,mancozeb,pyraclostrobin·mebendazim,and hymexazol)on the growth of pathogenic fungi were further compared,and the optimal concentration of the agent with the best inhibitory effect is determined.In this study,a total of 6 fungus were isolated and purified from the diseased lotus root tissue,and one of them(Fusarium graminearum)could cause lotus root corruption.Among the six pesticides,chlorothalonil had the best inhibitory effect,with an inhibition rate of 56.49%,and chlorothalonil with 600-fold dilution could completely inhibit the sporulation of Fusarium graminearum.This study revealed the pathogen types of lotus root rot disease and put forward solutions,which can provide scientific guidance for the prevention and control of lotus root rot disease in Anning City.

关 键 词：莲藕腐败 分离鉴定 病害防治 

分 类 号：Q938.8[生物学—微生物学]