基因组选择技术在半滑舌鳎“鳎优1号”新品种培育中的应用研究  

Application of genomic selection in the breeding of new variety of Chinese tongue sole(Cynoglossus semilaevis)“Tayou No.1”

作　　者：卢昇 李仰真[2] 王磊[2] 刘洋[2] 程向明 周茜 杨英明[2] 郑卫卫 陈松林[1,2] LU Sheng;LI Yangzhen;WANG Lei;LIU Yang;CHENG Xiangming;ZHOU Qian;YANG Yingming;ZHENG Weiwei;CHEN Songlin(Wuxi Fisheries College,Nanjing Agricultural University,Wuxi 214081,China;Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Laboratory for Marine Fi sheries Science and Food Production Processes,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266071,China;Weizhuo Aquaculture Co.,Ltd.,Tangshan 063200,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,江苏无锡214081 [2]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266071 [3]维卓水产养殖有限公司,河北唐山063200

出　　处：《水产学报》2022年第8期1305-1312,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31530078);中国水产科学研究院创新团队项目(2020TD20);黄海水产研究所基本业务费专项(20603022021001);山东省泰山学者攀登计划项目。

摘　　要：为了改善半滑舌鳎种质资源现状,本课题组以快速生长和抗哈维氏弧菌为主要目标性状,开展了连续四代家系选育。从第三代选育开始,利用基因组最佳线性无偏预测方法,计算了半滑舌鳎抗哈维氏弧菌的基因组估计育种值(GEBV),并将GEBV和感染存活率都较高的家系作为抗病重点家系。在第三代选育中,筛选到12个重点家系,这些家系的平均感染存活率(85.4%)和平均GEBV(1.13)明显高于对照组(52.2%;0.27)。在第四代选育中,筛选到的5个重点家系的平均感染存活率和平均GEBV分别为71.5%和0.24,而对照组的感染存活率和GEBV分别为30.1%和0.03。连续四代选育后,利用生长速率快和抗病力强的家系大规模繁育苗种,培育出我国首个半滑舌鳎新品种“鳎优1号”(新品种登记号:GS-01-005-2021)。与未经选育的半滑舌鳎相比,“鳎优1号”抗哈维氏弧菌感染能力提高30.9%,18月龄体质量平均提高17.7%,养殖成活率平均提高15.7%。此外,“鳎优1号”苗种的生理雌鱼比例高达40%左右。半滑舌鳎新品种“鳎优1号”的成功培育为水产养殖业增添了良种,推动了半滑舌鳎分子育种技术的发展,也为基因组选择育种技术在水产良种培育中的应用奠定了基础。To improve the germplasm resources of C.semilaevis(Cynoglossus semilaevis),a four-generation consecutive family selection was carried out for fast growth and Vibrio harveyi resistance.Starting from the third generation,we calculated the genomic estimated breeding value(GEBV)of V.harveyi resistance in C.semilaevis through the genomic best linear unbiased prediction and considered the families with high GEBV and infection survival rates as the superior disease-resistant family.In third-generation selection,we obtained 12 superior families.Their average infection survival rate(85.4%)and average GEBV(1.13)were higher than those of the control group(52.2%;0.27).In fourth-generation selection,5 families were selected as the superior disease-resistant families,and their average infection survival rate and average GEBV were 71.5%and 0.24,respectively.However,those of the control group were 30.1%and 0.03.After the four-generation consecutive selection,we cultivated the first new variety of C.semilaevis in China using the superior families with disease resistance and fast growth.Compared with the unimproved C.semilaevis population,the new variety“Tayou No.1”had 30.9%increase of survival rate after V.harveyi challenging,the body weight at 18-month-old increased by an average of 17.7%,and the survival rate in rearing improved 15.7%on average.The successful cultivation of C.semilaevis"Tayou No.1"has added a good variety to the aquaculture breeding industry,promoted the development of the molecular breeding technology of C.semilaevis,and laid a foundation for the application of genomic selection in the aquatic breeding.

关 键 词：半滑舌鳎 家系选育 基因组选择 选择育种 

分 类 号：S961.2[农业科学—水产养殖]