形状记忆合金在航空航天领域的应用研究综述  

Review on shape memory alloys’ application in field of aerospace

作　　者：渠磊 闫泽红 饶智祥 王啸远 冷佳明 万维锋 闫晓军[1,2,3,4] QU Lei;YAN Zehong;RAO Zhixiang;WANG Xiaoyuan;LENG Jiaming;WAN Weifeng;YAN Xiaojun(School of Energy and Power Engineering,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Aero-Engine,Beijing 100191,China;National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Aero-Engine Aero-thermodynamics,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China;Beijing Key Laboratory of Aero-Engine Structure and Strength,Beihang University,Beijing 100191,China)

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学能源与动力工程学院,北京100191 [2]先进航空发动机协同创新中心,北京100191 [3]北京航空航天大学航空发动机气动热力国家级重点实验室,北京100191 [4]北京航空航天大学航空发动机结构强度北京市重点实验室,北京100191

出　　处：《航空动力学报》2022年第10期2127-2141,I0001,共16页Journal of Aerospace Power

摘　　要：为了在航空航天领域更好地利用形状记忆合金(shape memory alloys,SMA)的形状记忆效应和超弹性两方面的突出力学特性,综述了SMA在材料与工艺、本构模型、形状记忆效应应用和超弹性应用方面的研究进展。主要探讨了NiTiHf、NiTiAu等三元高温合金、SMA热处理工艺和3D打印工艺、形状记忆效应和超弹性本构模型、利用形状记忆效应设计的SMA丝、管、弹簧和带驱动器、利用超弹性设计的减振器、自适应结构等在航空航天领域的应用研究特点,并指出当前存在的不足。该研究结果表明:随着材料、工艺、控制、信息技术的融合发展,SMA的应用研究将向着更宽的工作温度范围、结构多样化以及智能化方向发展。In order to better utilize the outstanding mechanical properties of shape memory alloys(SMA) in both shape memory effect and superelasticity in aerospace field,the research progress of SMA in terms of materials and process,constitutive model,shape memory effect application and superelasticity application was reviewed.The research features of the ternary high-temperature alloys,such as NiTiHf and NiTiAu,SMA heat treatment process and 3D printing process,shape memory effect and superelasticity constitutive model,SMA wire,tube,spring and belt actuators designed by using shape memory effect,vibration dampers and adaptive structures designed by using superelasticity in aerospace field were mainly discussed,and their current shortcomings were presented.The future trend of SMA application was proposed:with the integrated development of materials,process,control,and information technology,the structures with SMA could show more structure diversity and work in a wider range of working temperature with more intelligence.

关 键 词：形状记忆合金 形状记忆效应 超弹性 航空航天 本构模型 压紧释放机构 

分 类 号：V252.9[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]