支撑“双碳”目标的关键金属供应挑战与保障对策  

Challenges and Security Strategies of China’s Critical Metals Supply for Carbon Neutrality Pledge

作　　者：陈伟强 汪鹏 钟维琼[2,5] CHEN Weiqiang;WANG Peng;ZHONG Weiqiong(CAS Key Lab of Urban Environment and Health,Institute of Urban Environment,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Xiamen 361021,China;Research Center for Strategy of Global Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China;Ganjiang Innovation Academy,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Ganzhou 341119,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China;Institute of Mineral Resources,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing 100037,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院城市环境研究所中国科学院城市环境与健康重点实验室,厦门361021 [2]中国地质科学院全球矿产资源战略研究中心,北京100037 [3]中国科学院赣江创新研究院,赣州341119 [4]中国科学院大学,北京100049 [5]中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,北京100037

出　　处：《中国科学院院刊》2022年第11期1577-1585,共9页Bulletin of Chinese Academy of Sciences

基　　金：国家自然科学基金委员会基础科学中心项目(72088101);国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(71961147003);国家自然科学基金(71904182)。

摘　　要：在“双碳”目标的驱动下,能源系统的低碳转型已是大势所趋。作为支撑低碳能源技术的物质基础,稀土、锂、钴、镍、铂等关键金属的供需矛盾和战略争夺将不断加剧。文章阐述了关键金属对能源低碳技术的支撑作用,识别了我国关键金属供应的风险和卡点;建议将关键金属与低碳能源进行协同管理,通过科技和产业的进步,以及建立由我国主导的国际合作体系,提升关键金属的安全供应水平与支撑“双碳”目标的能力。The grand transition to low-carbon energy system is essential to bend the growing carbon emission and further achieve the dual carbon goals.Critical metals such as rare earth elements,lithium,cobalt,nickel,and platinum are widely considered as the material base to support low-carbon technologies.However,given the supply of those metals are scarce and risky,the emerging conflicts between their supply and demand have spurred global attention and competition among countries.This study aims to explore the linkage between critical metals and low-carbon energy systems with a particular focus on the bottlenecks of China’s supply chains of those critical metals.Accordingly,this study urges to form national strategies,together with China-oriented global governance system,to promote the simultaneous innovations and management of critical metals supply and low-carbon energy transition under the dual carbon goals.

关 键 词：碳中和 低碳能源 关键金属 资源安全 

分 类 号：F426[经济管理—产业经济]