角倍蚜瘿内干雌蜜露的排泄和糖分组成  

Excretion and sugar composition of honeydew produced by Schlechtendalia chinensis (Hemiptera: Aphididae) fundatrigeniae living in horned gallnuts

作　　者：邵淑霞[1] 杨子祥[1] 何钊[1] 陈航[1] 陆沁 许鑫 魏洪媛 陈晓鸣[1] SHAO Shu-Xia;YANG Zi-Xiang;HE Zhao;CHEN Hang;LU Qin;XU Xin;WEI Hong-Yuan;CHEN Xiao-Ming(Key Laboratory of Breeding and Utilization of Resource Insects,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Institute of Highland Forest Science,Chinese Academy of Forestry,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院高原林业研究所,国家林业和草原局资源昆虫培育与利用重点实验室,昆明650224

出　　处：《昆虫学报》2022年第10期1306-1313,共8页Acta Entomologica Sinica

基　　金：云南省科技厅科技计划项目(202001AT070016);国家自然科学基金项目(31872305);中国林业科学研究院所面上项目(CAFYBB2020SY030)

摘　　要：【目的】角倍是角倍蚜Schlechtendalia chinensis在第一寄主植物盐肤木Rhus chinensis叶片上取食而形成的一种封闭型虫瘿,瘿内蚜虫排泄物(蜜露)的清洁对于维持角倍蚜种群的生存至关重要。本研究旨在探究角倍蚜瘿内世代的蜜露排泄及糖分组成情况。【方法】采用倒置荧光显微镜连续观察角倍蚜瘿内干雌的蜜露排泄情况;用含有不同浓度蔗糖或淀粉的培养基饲喂瘿内干雌,统计泌露率,分析蔗糖和淀粉对角倍蚜瘿内干雌蜜露排泄的影响;利用液相色谱检测和分析蜜露的糖分组成和含量。【结果】角倍蚜瘿内,很少能观察到无翅干雌排泄蜜露,35.40%±2.41%的有翅干雌可被观察到排泄蜜露。但在琼脂糖培养基上,无翅干雌和有翅干雌均可排泄蜜露,泌露率分别为23.89%±5.58%和173.96%±28.61%;在含有不同蔗糖浓度的琼脂糖培养基上,无翅干雌和有翅干雌泌露率均随蔗糖浓度的升高而降低。在含有不同淀粉浓度的琼脂糖培养基上,无翅干雌泌露率随淀粉浓度的升高而降低;当淀粉浓度由0增加至2%时,有翅干雌泌露率由173.96%±28.61%增加至236.81%±55.67%,随后泌露率随淀粉浓度的升高而降低,当淀粉浓度达到10%时,有翅干雌泌露率降为55.92%±7.22%。角倍蚜瘿内干雌排泄的蜜露共检测出7种糖分,其中:果糖和葡萄糖的含量较高,分别为51.07%和31.68%;蔗糖的含量较低,仅为1.59%;另有4种未知组分占15.66%。【结论】角倍蚜瘿内干雌蜜露的主要成分为果糖和葡萄糖;食物中蔗糖和淀粉的含量对其蜜露的排泄有明显影响。【Aim】The horned gallnut is a closed gall induced by Schlechtendalia chinensis on leaves of its primary host plant Rhus chinensis.It is very important for S.chinensis to clean out its excretion(honeydew)in order to maintain its survival.The study aims to explore the excretion and sugar composition of honeydew produced by S.chinensis fundatrigeniae living in gallnuts.【Methods】The honeydew excretion of S.chinensis fundatrigeniae was continuously observed by an inverted fluorescence microscope.Fundatrigeniae were fed with media containing different concentrations of sucrose or starch.Honeydew excretion rates were counted,and the effects of sucrose and starch on the honeydew excretion of fundatrigeniae were analyzed.The composition and contents of sugars in honeydew were detected by liquid chromatography.【Results】In gallnuts of S.chinensis,apterous fundatrigeniae were rarely observed to excrete honeydew;however,35.40%±2.41%of alate fundatrigeniae were observed to excrete honeydew.On agarose media,both apterous and alate fundatrigeniae excreted honeydew,and their honeydew excretion rates were 23.89%±5.58%and 173.96%±28.61%,respectively.On agarose media with different concentrations of sucrose,the honeydew excretion rates of both apterous and alate fundatrigeniae decreased with the increasing of sucrose concentration.On agarose media with different concentrations of starch,the honeydew excretion rate of apterous fundatrigeniae decreased with the increasing of starch concentration.When the starch concentration increased from zero to 2%,the honeydew excretion rate of alate fundatrigeniae increased from 173.96%±28.61%to 236.81%±55.67%,then decreased with the increasing of starch concentration,and decreased to 55.92%±7.22%when the starch concentration was 10%.We detected a total of seven sugars in the honeydew,of which the contents of fructose and glucose were high,accounting for 51.07%and 31.68%,respectively,the sucrose content was very low(only 1.59%),and the contents of the remaining four unknown compon

关 键 词：角倍蚜 虫瘿 干雌 蜜露 糖分组成 

分 类 号：Q966[生物学—昆虫学]