白竹山隧道爆破超挖原因分析与控制研究  

Cause analysis and control research on over excavation of Baizhushan tunnel by blasting

作　　者：田兴朝 陶铁军 娄乾星 刘荣欣 刘春舵 陈航 TIAN Xing-chao;TAO Tie-jun;LOU Qian-xing;LIU Rong-xin;LIU Chun-duo;CHEN Hang(College of Civil Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;College of Mining,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;China Sea Construction Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen 518000,Guangdong,China;School of Urban and Rural Planning and Architectural Engineering,Guiyang College,Guiyang 550005,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学土木工程学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州大学矿业学院,贵阳550025 [3]中海建筑有限公司,广东深圳518000 [4]贵阳学院城乡规划与建筑工程学院,贵阳550005

出　　处：《工程爆破》2022年第5期60-66,共7页Engineering Blasting

基　　金：国家自然科学基金地区科学基金资助项目(52064008);贵州省高层次创新型人才资助项目(黔科合平台人才-GCC[2022]004-1);贵州省教育厅青年科技人才成长资助项目(黔教合KY字[2022]008号)。

摘　　要：为探明雷榕高速公路白竹山隧道爆破超挖严重的根本原因,对现场爆破参数进行了数据采集,采用炮孔角度测量装置对周边孔钻孔角度进行了精确测量,理论计算了空气不耦合装药条件下粉碎区半径及裂隙区半径,分析了周边孔布设参数对隧道爆破超挖的影响规律。研究表明:周边孔孔口位置对其孔底分布位置影响较大,周边孔的外斜角度过大是造成白竹山隧道爆破超挖严重的主要原因;不耦合装药系数为1.30时,2号岩石乳化炸药在板岩中爆破形成的粉碎区半径为2.02 cm,裂隙区半径为78.93 cm;白竹山隧道爆破降低超挖量的核心是严格控制周边孔的外斜角度,将周边孔孔口布设在距离设计轮廓线内15 cm位置,以≤3°的斜率向断面外倾斜,能够将超挖厚度控制在15 cm以内,爆破效果较好。In order to find out the root cause of serious overbreak caused by blasting in Baizhushan tunnel of Leirong expressway,the blasting parameters were collected on site.The borehole angle of peripheral holes was accurately measured by using the borehole angle measuring device.The radius of crushing area and fracture area under the condition of air uncoupled charge was calculated theoretically.The influence law of surrounding hole layout parameters on tunnel blasting overbreak is analyzed.The results show that:the location of the peripheral hole has a great influence on the distribution of the hole bottom,and the excessive external angle of the peripheral hole is the main reason for the serious overbreak of the Baizhushan tunnel.When the uncoupled charge coefficient is 1.30,the radius of comminution zone and fracture zone formed by No.2 rock emulsion explosive blasting in slate is 2.02 cm and 78.93 cm,respectively.The core of reducing the overbreak volume by blasting in Baizhushan tunnel is to strictly control the outer inclined angle of the peripheral holes,and set the peripheral holes 15 cm away from the design contour line,with a distance of 3°.It can control the overbreak thickness within 15 cm,and the blasting effect is good.

关 键 词：大断面隧道 超欠挖 炮孔角度 粉碎区半径 裂隙区半径 

分 类 号：TD235[矿业工程—矿井建设]