高速电梯轿厢的水平减振设计及其优化  

Horizontal vibration-damping design and optimization of the high-speed elevator car

作　　者：麻航飞 何伟[1] 慕亚亚 郑义飞 MA Hang-fei;HE Wei;MU Ya-ya;ZHENG Yi-fei(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Kunming University of Science and Technology,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]昆明理工大学机电工程学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《陕西科技大学学报》2022年第6期140-149,共10页Journal of Shaanxi University of Science & Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51168020)。

摘　　要：由于电梯普通导轨支架无法对因导轨受力引起的水平振动进行有效衰减,当振动传递至轿厢时,会对其整体性能产生一定影响.因此,首先考虑导轨、滚动导靴、轿厢架、轿厢间的作用力关系,建立了电梯水平振动系统耦合动力学模型,分析了系统的耦合水平振动.随后参考橡胶减振器提出了一种新型导轨减振支架,通过建立的电梯虚拟样机模型对其橡胶板选材和减振效果进行了对比和分析.并采用多岛遗传算法对该导轨减振支架橡胶板的阻尼和刚度参数进行了优化,结果表明:与优化前相比,电梯轿厢的水平振动加速度A95值降低了9.14%.最后基于相似理论搭建了电梯的实验系统,验证了该导轨减振支架和优化结果的合理性.Because the ordinary rail bracket can not effectively attenuate the horizontal vibration caused by the force of the guide rail when the vibration is transmitted to the elevator car,it will have a certain impact on its overall performance.Therefore,this paper first considers the force relationship between the guide rail,rolling guide shoe,car frame,and car,establishes the coupling dynamic model of the elevator horizontal vibration system,and analyzes the coupling horizontal vibration of the system.Then,referring to the rubber damper,a new type of rail damping bracket is proposed,and its rubber plate material selection and damping effect are compared and analyzed through the established elevator virtual prototype model.The damping and stiffness parameters of the rubber plate of the rail damping bracket are optimized by multi Island genetic algorithm.The results show that the horizontal vibration acceleration A95 of the elevator car is reduced by 9.14%compared with that before optimization.Finally,an elevator experimental system is built based on the similarity theory to verify the rationality of the rail damping bracket and the optimization results.

关 键 词：电梯轿厢 水平振动 导轨支架 多岛遗传算法 

分 类 号：TU857[建筑科学]