草甘膦对党参生长根腐病及根际土壤微生物的影响  

Effects of Glyphosate on Growth,Root Rot and Rhizosphere Soil Microbes of Codonopsis pilosula

作　　者：杨姗姗 仲彩萍[2] 王仪 刘紫祺 邵慧慧 孙新荣[2] 高微微[1,3] YANG Shan-shan;ZHONG Cai-ping;WANG Yi;LIU Zi-qi;SHAO Hui-hui;SUN Xin-rong;GAO Wei-wei(Institute of Medicinal Plant Development,Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical College,Beijing 100193,China;Weiyuan County Agricultural Technology Promotion Center,Dingxi 748200,China;Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substances and Resources Utilization of Chinese Herbal Medicine,Ministry of Education,Beijing 100193,China)

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院北京协和医学院药用植物研究所,北京100193 [2]甘肃省定西市渭源县农业技术推广中心,甘肃定西748200 [3]中草药物质基础与资源利用教育部重点实验室,北京100193

出　　处：《中国现代中药》2022年第10期1932-1938,共7页Modern Chinese Medicine

基　　金：甘肃省科技计划项目(21CX6NJ206);中国医学科学院医学与健康科技创新工程项目(2021-I2M-1-031)。

摘　　要：目的:探究除草剂草甘膦对党参生长、根腐病发生和药用成分的影响及可能的土壤微生态机制。方法:调查同一地块中草甘膦处理组和对照组党参的存苗数、鲜质量和发病情况,采用高效液相色谱法(HPLC)测定党参炔苷含量、分光光度法测定多糖含量,采用扩增子技术测定根际土壤微生物群落变化。结果:施用草甘膦能够显著降低党参的存苗数(P<0.05),对党参地上部生长有一定抑制作用;根腐病发病率及病情指数高于对照组,分别增加了34.51%和34.81%(P<0.05);党参炔苷和多糖的含量降低。另外,草甘膦处理对党参根际土壤微生物的多样性及真菌群落结构影响较小,但细菌群落中伯克霍尔德氏菌目(Burkholderiales)和鞘脂单胞菌目(Sphingomonadales)显著增加(P<0.05)。结论:施用草甘膦对党参生长有一定抑制作用,导致根腐病加重,这可能与部分根际细菌的相对丰度变化有关。Objective:To explore the effects of herbicide glyphosate on the growth,root rot occurrence,and medicinal ingredients of Codonopsis pilosula and the possible soil micro-ecological mechanism.Methods:This study investigated the number of seedlings,fresh quality and disease status of C.pilosula in glyphosate treatment group and control group in the same C.pilosula planting plot.High performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)and spectrophotometry were used to determine the content of lobetyolin and polysaccharides,respectively,and amplicon sequencing was performed to detect the microbial community in rhizosphere soil.Results:The application of glyphosate significantly reduced the number of seedlings of C.pilosula(P<0.05),and also had a certain inhibitory effect on the growth of the aerial parts of C.pilosula.The incidence rate and disease index of root rot in glyphosate treatment group were higher than those of the control group,increasing by 34.51%and 34.81%,respectively(P<0.05),and the content of lobetyolin and polysaccharides decreased.In addition,glyphosate had no remarkable effect on the microbial diversity and fungal community structure in the rhizosphere soil of C.pilosula,but Burkholderiales and Sphingomonadales in the bacterial community increased significantly(P<0.05).Conclusion:Glyphosate had a certain inhibitory effect on the growth of C.pilosula,aggravating root rot,which might be related to the relative abundance of some rhizosphere bacteria.

关 键 词：党参 草甘膦 生物量 根腐病 根际微生物 

分 类 号：R282.2[医药卫生—中药学]