一般性转移支付的均等化效应分析  

Analysis of the Equalization Effect of General Transfer Payments

作　　者：张凯强 ZHANG Kai-qiang(National Academy of Economic Strategy,Chinese Academy of Social Sciences,Beijing 100028)

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院财经战略研究院,北京100006

出　　处：《商学研究》2022年第5期72-84,共13页Commercial Science Research

摘　　要：本文聚焦于2015年以来中央政府出台一系列围绕一般性转移支付的政策,基于我国2000—2009年的地级市面板数据,探讨转移支付政策对基本公共服务均等化的作用机制。在理论机制分析方面,一般性和专项转移支付的均等化效应将依赖于转移支付政策的运行和执行机制,以及地方政府的财政支出行为。经验分析表明,一般性转移支付占比分别提高10%,该地区的基本公共服务均等化水平将增加2%,且该经济效应不弱于专项转移支付的均等化效应;进一步发现,均衡性转移支付的均等化效果则比专项转移支付高66%,且中西部地区的专项转移支付的均等化效果不显著。本文的结论将为完善转移支付制度和保障基本公共服务均等化目标的实现提供参考和依据。This article focuses on the central government’s introduction of a series of policies around general transfer payment since 2015.Drawing on the panel data of prefecture-level cities in China from 2000 to 2009,this article discusses the mechanism of the transfer payment policy on the equalization of basic public services.In terms of theoretical mechanism analysis,the equalization effect of general and special transfer payments will depend on the operation and execution mechanism of the transfer payment policy,as well as local government’s fiscal expenditure behavior.Empirical analysis shows that when the proportion of general transfer payments is increased by 10%,the equalization of basic public services in the region will increase by 2%,and the economic effect is not weaker than the equalization effect of special transfer payment.It is further found that the equalization effect of balanced transfer payment is 66%higher than the special transfer payment,and the equalization effect of the special transfer payment in the central and western regions is not significant.The conclusions of this article will provide reference and basis for improving the transfer payment system and ensuring the realization of the goal of equalization of basic public services.

关 键 词：一般性转移支付 专项转移支付 基本公共服务均等化 财政支出行为 

分 类 号：F812.45[经济管理—财政学]