灌溉渠系优化配水模型与算法研究进展  

Review on Optimal Water Allocation Model and Algorithm of Irrigation Canal System

作　　者：刘恬恬 李子明 胡雅琪 马蒙 吴文勇[1] LIU Tian-tian;LI Zi-ming;HU Ya-qi;MA Meng;WU We-yong(China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100048,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院水利研究所,北京100048

出　　处：《节水灌溉》2022年第11期51-58,共8页Water Saving Irrigation

基　　金：“十四五”国家重点研发计划资助“黄土高原旱作适水改土与产能提升技术模式及应用”(2021YFD1900700)。

摘　　要：为实现田间科学用水,优化灌溉渠系配水模型,发挥灌区用水调度决策能力,提高灌区现代化水平,针对现有的渠系优化配水模型与算法进行了梳理总结。灌溉渠系优化配水模型主要分为两种:以特定指标最优为目标函数和被配水渠道采用轮灌编组时输水损失最小为优化目标。在掌握国内灌溉渠系用水调度以及灌区管理规范的前提下,系统论述了两类模型的建模思想、目标函数以及算法机理的研究,重点分析当前主流的灌溉渠系配水优化目标函数,并总结了求解模型引用的智能算法。在深入探究应用实例的基础上,通过对渠系优化配水模型的综述,讨论未来研究新方向,旨在精炼出一种适用于我国灌区的多目标优化模型,拟解决当前渠系水利用率低等问题;研究结论还提出嵌入算法的渠系间形成远程管理、联合调度、智慧调控、高效配水的新思路,这为灌区构建输配水模型和落实信息化管理提供借鉴与理论指导。In order to realize scientific water use in the field,optimize the water distribution model of irrigation canals,give full play to the decision-making ability of water use scheduling in irrigation areas,and improve the modernization level of irrigation area,the existing water distribution models and algorithms for optimization of canal systems were summarized in this paper.The objective function of optimal water distribution model of irrigation canal system is mainly divided into two kinds:one is to optimize the specific index,and the other is to minimize water loss when the distributed channels adopt round irrigation grouping.On the premise of mastering the domestic irrigation channel water allocation and irrigation area management norms,the modeling ideas,objective functions and algorithm mechanism of the two types of models were systematically discussed,the objective functions of water distribution optimization proposed by researchers were highlighted,and the intelligent algorithms introduced in the models were summarized.On the basis of in-depth exploration of application examples,through the review of the optimal water distribution model for irrigation canal systems,the new direction of future research goals in the future is discussed,aiming to refine a multi-objective optimization model suitable for irrigation areas in China,which is intended to solve the current problems of low utilization efficiency of irrigation water in current channels at all levels.The research conclusions also put forward a new idea of remote management,joint scheduling,intelligent control and efficient water distribution between canals embedded in the algorithm,which provides reference and theoretical guidance for the construction of water transmission and distribution model for irrigation areas and the implementation of information management in irrigation areas.

关 键 词：渠系优化配水 目标函数 轮灌编组 智能算法 联合调度 

分 类 号：S274.2[农业科学—农业水土工程]