稀有[鱼句]鲫的集群行为及其影响因素  

Shoaling Behavior of Gobiocypris rarus and the Influence Factors

作　　者：邱宁 李文静[1] 徐椿森 余梵冬 王剑伟[1] QIU Ning;LI Wenjing;XU Chunsen;YU fandong;WANG Jianwei(Institute of Hydrobiology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430072,China;Key Laboratory of Environmental Protection Technology on Water Transport,Tianjin Research Institute for Water Transport Engineering,Ministry of Transport,Tianjin 300456,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所,武汉430072 [2]交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所,水路交通环境保护技术交通行业重点实验室,天津300456

出　　处：《四川动物》2022年第6期641-649,共9页Sichuan Journal of Zoology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划政府间国际科技创新合作项目(2019YFE0121000);湖北省科技支撑计划项目(2015BCE098)。

摘　　要：聚集成群能够为鱼类个体带来更低的捕食风险和更多的交配机会,是鱼类重要的生存手段。稀有[鱼句]鲫Gobiocypris rarus在野外及人工饲养中均有明显的集群现象,然而对其集群行为具体模式的分析和量化至今仍较为缺乏。采用集群分数对稀有[鱼句]鲫的集群行为模式进行了分析和量化,进一步分析测试了外界环境条件(环境照度和捕食者)、内部成员状态(饱食/停食、个体尺寸、外观形态)对稀有[鱼句]鲫集群行为的影响,同时探讨了不同规模大小的群体在受到惊吓后恢复时间的差异。结果表明,稀有[鱼句]鲫集群分数较高,稳定在3~5之间;受到惊吓后的恢复时间随群体规模的增大而缩短,在群体规模最大时达到最短;集群分数不受环境照度和捕食者的影响(P>0.05),但受群体成员状态的影响明显(P<0.05)。稀有[鱼句]鲫偏好与身体尺寸、颜色类似的个体聚集成群,且停食24 h集群分数会显著减小(P<0.05)。Gathering in groups can bring lower predation risk and more mating opportunities for fish individuals,and is an important means for the survival of fish.Cluster phenomenon is normal in wild and captive rare minnow(Gobiocypris ra⁃rus).However,the specific analysis and quantification of shoaling behavior model are less studied.Cluster score was used as quantitative parameters to analyze the shoaling behavior patterns of rare minnow.The effects of external environmental conditions(environmental illumination and predators)and internal member states(well-fed/food deprivation,individual size and appearance)on shoaling behavior of rare minnow and the recovery time of shocked rare minnow group were further analyzed.The results showed that the cluster score was basically stable between 3 and 5.The recovery time after shock de⁃creased with the increase of shoal size,and reached the shortest when the population size was the largest.Their cluster score was not influenced by environmental illumination and predator(P>0.05),but was significantly influenced by shoal member status(P<0.05).G.rarus preferred to gather in groups with similar body size and color,and the 24 h food deprivation significantly reduced the cluster score(P<0.05).

关 键 词：稀有[鱼句]鲫 集群行为 停食 照度 群体规模 外观形态 

分 类 号：Q959.4[生物学—动物学]