氮素用量对哈密巴里坤地区春小麦生长、养分吸收及肥料利用率的影响  

Effects of Nitrogen Application on Growth,Nutrient Absorption and Fertilizer Utilization of Spring Wheat in Balikun Area of Hami

作　　者：杨晓玲[1] 玉素甫江·玉素音 胡雨彤 赵婷婷 张小龙 黄国飞 丁爱琴 盛建东[1] YANG Xiao-ling;Yusufujiang Yusuyin;HU Yu-tong;ZHAO Ting-ting;ZHANG Xiao-long;HUANG Guo-fei;DING Ai-qin;SHENG Jian-dong(Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Soil and Plant Ecological Process/College of Resources and Environment,Xinjiang Agricultural University,Urumqi 830052,China)

机构地区：[1]新疆农业大学资源与环境学院/新疆土壤与植物生态过程重点实验室,乌鲁木齐830052

出　　处：《新疆农业大学学报》2022年第2期158-164,共7页Journal of Xinjiang Agricultural University

基　　金：2020年中央财政农业资源及生态保护补助资金项目(2020A01002-3)。

摘　　要：为了解哈密巴里坤地区测土配方施肥落实情况及取得的效果,本研究以测土配方推荐施肥量(N 276 kg/hm^(2)、P_(2)O_(5)207 kg/hm^(2)、K_(2)O 78 kg/hm^(2))为参考,在哈密巴里坤地区石人子乡布置氮肥减施和增施4个处理:N_(0)PK、N_(1)PK、N_(2)PK、N_(3)PK(氮肥各施0、193、276、359 kg/hm^(2))。结果表明,随着氮肥用量的增加小麦产量、千粒重和穗粒数呈现出先增加后降低的趋势,施氮276 kg/hm^(2)处理响应最为显著;不同施氮处理对氮、磷、钾元素积累量有显著影响,随着施氮水平的提高,小麦氮素积累量呈现先升高后降低的趋势,并与磷钾积累量产生互作效应;氮肥利用率与农学效率随着施肥量的增加先升高后降低,其中施氮276 kg/hm^(2)时肥料利用率和农学效率达到最大,为25.30%和5.38 kg/kg,肥料偏生产力随着施肥量增加而降低。In order to understand the implementation and effect of soil testing and formula fertilization in Shirenzi Township Balikun area of Hami,this study took the recommended fertilizer application amount of soil testing formula(N 276 kg/hm^(2),P_(2)O_(5)207 kg/hm^(2),K_(2)O 78 kg/hm^(2)) as a reference.During the project,four experiments of reducing and increasing nitrogen fertilizer application of N_(0)PK,N_(1)PK,N_(2)PK and N_(3)PK(0,193,276 and 359 kg/hm^(2) of N fertilizer respectively)were arranged in Shirenzi township.The results showed that with the increase of nitrogen application,wheat yield,1000 grain weight and grain number per panicle increased first and then decreased,and the response was the most significant under the treatment of nitrogen application of 276 kg/hm^(2);Different nitrogen application treatments had significant effects on the accumulation of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium.With the increase of nitrogen application level,the nutrient accumulation of wheat increased and then decreased,and had an interaction effect with the accumulation of phosphorus and potassium;When nitrogen application was 276 kg/hm^(2),the fertilizer use efficiency and agronomic efficiency reached the maximum,which were 25.30%and 5.38 kg/kg.The partial fertilizer productivity decreased with the increase of fertilizer application amount.

关 键 词：氮肥 小麦 产量 养分积累量 肥料利用率 

分 类 号：S147.5[农业科学—肥料学]