二倍体苜蓿主要性状配合力及杂种优势分析  

Analysis on the Combining Ability of Main Traits and Heterosis of Diploid Alfalfa

作　　者：石如如 石凤翎 徐舶 SHI Ruru;SHI Fengling;XU Bo(Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation,Processing and Efficient Utilization,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/College of Grassland,Resources and Environment,Inner Mongolia Agricultural University,Hohhot 010011,China)

机构地区：[1]内蒙古农业大学草原与资源环境学院/农业农村部饲草栽培、加工及高效利用重点实验室,呼和浩特010011

出　　处：《种子》2022年第10期120-125,共6页Seed

基　　金：内蒙古自治区科技重大专项(2021 ZD 0031);国家自然科学基金(32160323)。

摘　　要：以3份花药离体培养单倍体苜蓿与2份扁蓿豆材料作为亲本,组配10个杂交组合,分析7个主要农艺性状的配合力,探究苜蓿与扁蓿豆的杂种优势与亲本一般配合力(GCA)、特殊配合力(SCA)和遗传距离之间的相关关系。结果表明,节间长受加性效应和非加性效应共同影响,株高、节间数、单株产量其遗传主要受加性效应影响较大。各性状的杂种优势在不同组合间差异较大。在二倍体苜蓿与扁蓿豆种间杂交组合中,XJ-3×CY-5和CY-35×HB各农艺性状特殊配合力的效应值适宜,杂种优势强,可作为优良杂交组合进行利用。研究表明,可通过组合间的SCA与杂种优势来提高亲本的选配效率,但利用SRAP标记遗传距离预测苜蓿杂种优势还有待进一步研究。In this study,3 parts of anthers were used to culture haploid alfalfa and 2 parts of flat alfalfa as parents,and 10 hybrid combinations were combined to analyze the combining ability of 7 major agronomic to explore the relationship between the heterosis of alfalfa and lentil and the general combining ability(GCA),special combining ability(SCA)and genetic distance of the parents.The results showed that the combining ability analysis found that the internode length was affected by both additive and non-additive effects,and the genetics of plant height,number of internodes,and yield per plant were mainly affected by additive effects.The heterosis of each trait varied greatly among different combinations.In the interspecific hybrid combination of diploid alfalfa and lentil,XJ-3 to CY-5 and CY-35 to HB had suitable effect values of special combining ability for each agronomic traits,strong heterosis,and could be used as an excellent hybrid combination.Studies showed that the SCA and heterosis between combinations could be used to improve the mating efficiency of parents,but the use of SRAP marker genetic distance to predict alfalfa heterosis remained to be further studied.

关 键 词：苜蓿 一般配合力 特殊配合力 遗传距离 杂种优势 

分 类 号：S551.7[农业科学—作物学]