纯氮用量对上部烟叶生长及品质的影响  

Effects of Pure Nitrogen on and Quality of upper Tobacco Leaves

作　　者：吴云 张军刚 解燕[2] 张岚清 杨美丽[2] 桑应华 武红波[2] 容波 刘彦中[1] 罗以贵[1] WU Yun;ZHANG Jungang;XIE Yan;ZHANG Lanqing;YANG Meili;SANG Yinghua;WU Hongbo;RONG Bo;LIU Yanzhong;LUO Yigui(College of Tobacco Science,Yunnan Agricultural University,Kunming 650201,China;Qujing Tobacco Company of Yunnan Province,Qujing Yunnan 655000,China)

机构地区：[1]云南农业大学烟草学院,昆明650201 [2]云南省烟草公司曲靖市公司,云南曲靖655000

出　　处：《耕作与栽培》2022年第5期1-6,10,共7页Tillage and Cultivation

基　　金：云南省烟草公司科技计划重点项目“提高滇东北烟区上部烟叶烘烤质量关键技术研究与应用”(云烟科〔2020〕39号;项目编号:2020530000241023)。

摘　　要：为提高曲靖烟区上部烟叶质量,通过田间试验探讨不同纯氮用量对曲靖市麒麟区上部鲜烟叶表观特征、叶片组织显微结构、酶活性及其初烤烟叶品质的影响。结果表明,各处理叶片组织疏松度随施氮量的增加而增大。上部烟叶成熟期施纯氮量T 1(5 kg/667 m^(2))、T 3(9 kg/667 m^(2))处理叶片海绵组织厚度、栅栏组织厚度、叶片厚度均呈增大趋势;T 2(7 kg/667 m^(2))处理紧密度最小,疏松度最大,说明T 2处理比T 1、T 3处理先进入成熟期。T 2处理MDA含量最低,说明T 2处理抗逆性最强;T 2处理PPO含量最低,T 2的耐烤性和易烤性优于T 1和T 3。SOD、NR活性随施氮量的增多而增强。烤后烟叶化学成分T 2的各项指标均表现良好,烤后烟叶感官质量评吸T 2属清香偏中间香,且总评分最高。综上所述,施用7 kg/667 m^(2)纯氮能提高上部烟叶的抗逆性和上部烟叶品质,改善上部烟叶组织结构和上部初烤烟叶主要化学成分协调性。In order to improve the quality of upper tobacco,field experiments were carried out to investigate the effects of different amounts of pure nitrogen on the apparent characteristics,microstructure,enzyme activities and quality of fresh tobacco leaves in Qilin district of Qujing city.The results showed that the leaf tissue porosity increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate.Leaf spongy tissue thickness,palisade tissue thickness and leaf thickness of T 1(5 kg/667 m ^(2))and T 3(9 kg/667 m ^(2))showed an increasing trend.T 2(7 kg/667 m ^(2))had the lowest tightness and the largest porosity,indicating that T 2 had entered the mature stage earlier than T 1 and T 3.The content of MDA in T 2 treatment was the lowest,indicating that T 2 treatment had the strongest stress resistance.PPO content in T 2 treatment was the lowest,and T 2 had better baking resistance and easy baking than T 1 and T 3.The activities of SOD and NR increased with the increase of nitrogen application rate.The results of chemical composition test of cured tobacco leaves showed good performance in all indexes of T 2.The results of sensory quality evaluation of cured tobacco leaves showed that T 2 was middle-fragrant and had the highest total score.In conclusion,applying 7 kg/667 m ^(2) pure nitrogen treatment could improve the stress resistance,the tissue structure of upper tobacco leaves,the coordination of main chemical components and the quality of upper tobacco leaves.

关 键 词：纯氮用量 表观特征 酶活性 化学成分含量 烟叶品质 

分 类 号：S572[农业科学—烟草工业]