延安市地表热环境与下垫面指数的关系研究  

Relationship Between Surface Thermal Environment and Underlying Surface Index in Yan'an City

作　　者：刘思煜 吴焱[1] 许娟[1] 张令达 LIU Si-yu;WU Yan;XU Juan;ZHANG Ling-da(College of Architecture,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710064,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]长安大学建筑学院,陕西西安710064

出　　处：《西北林学院学报》2022年第6期207-214,265,共9页Journal of Northwest Forestry University

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划项目(2021SF-434)。

摘　　要：针对黄土高原地区地表温度变化与下垫面的关系问题,以延安市为例,获取延安市2010、2015、2020年遥感影像图,借助ArcGIS和SPSS软件,分析2010-2020年延安市地表温度的时空变化以及热岛分布状况,并对地表温度与归一化植被指数(NDVI)、归一化水汽指数(NDMI)和归一化建筑指数(NDBI)之间的相关关系进行定量分析。结果表明,1)2010-2020年延安市的高温区面积总体呈先升后降的变化趋势,分布呈小区域集中到整体范围的斑点状均匀分布特点且具有沿黄河一级支流延河以及二级支流洛河下游分布的趋势。中温区的面积显著增加,低温区面积占比减少,次中温区无显著变化;2)通过相关性分析表明地表温度与植被指数、水汽指数呈负相关关系,与建筑指数呈正相关关系。植被指数每上升0.1,将产生1.1~2.0℃的地表降温作用,水汽指数每上升0.1,将产生2.8~4.1℃的地表降温作用,建筑指数每上升0.1,将产生1.4~2.3℃的地表升温作用;3)延安市下垫面覆盖类型的地表温度呈现为林地<水<草地<耕地<建设用地,因此增加林地面积能够有效降低研究区热岛程度。In order to understand the relationship between surface temperature change and underlying surface in the Loess Plateau,taking Yan'an City as an example,the remote sensing images of the city in 2010,2015 and 2020 were obtained.With the help of ArcGIS and SPSS software,the temporal and spatial changes of surface temperature and the distribution of heat island in the city from 2010 to 2020 were analyzed.The relationships between surface temperature and three indices were quantitatively analyzed,including normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI),normalized difference moisture index(NDMI),and normalized difference built-up index(NDBI).The results show that 1)from 2010 to 2020,the high-temperature area in Yan'an City generally showed a change trend of rising first and then falling.The distribution showed the characteristics of spot like uniform distribution from small areas to the whole range,and had the trend of distribution along the Yanhe River,the primary tributary of the Yellow River,and the lower reaches of the Luohe River,the secondary tributary of the Yellow River.The area of middle temperature zone increased significantly,the area proportion of low temperature zone decreased,and there was no significant change in sub middle temperature zone.2)The correlation analysis showed that the surface temperature had a negative correlation with NDVI and NDMI,and a positive correlation with NDBI.Every 0.1 increment in NDVI would produce a surface cooling effect of 1.1℃-2.0℃,every 0.1 increment in NDMI would produce a surface cooling effect of 2.8℃-4.1℃,and every 0.1 increment in NDBI would produce a surface heating effect of 1.4℃-2.3℃.3)The surface temperatures of different underlying cover types were in the order of forest land<water<grassland<cultivated land<construction land.Therefore,increasing the area of forest land can effectively reduce the degree of heat island in the study area.

关 键 词：地表热环境 下垫面指数 城市热岛 延安市 

分 类 号：TU986[建筑科学—城市规划与设计]