氮肥与硝化抑制剂联用对热带菜地氧化亚氮排放的影响  

Effects of nitrogen fertilizer combined with nitrification inhibitor on nitrous oxide emissions from tropical vegetable Fields

作　　者：曾子鑫 吴晓君 李京晨 王曙光[1] 郭佩佩 张丽[1] ZENG Zixin;WU Xiaojun;LI Jingchen;WANG Shuguang;GUO Peipei;ZHANG Li(College of Tropical Crops,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带作物学院,海口570228

出　　处：《热带生物学报》2022年第6期575-581,共7页Journal of Tropical Biology

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(320RC497);海南大学科研启动基金项目[KYQD(ZR)1978]。

摘　　要：以热带地区种植辣椒为研究对象,采用静态箱–气相色谱法,监测施用不同形态氮以及硝化抑制剂双氰胺(DCD)对菜地N_(2)O排放和辣椒产量的影响。结果表明,菜地N_(2)O排放通量变化范围为1.51~80.53μg·m^(−2)·h^(−1),铵态氮肥(NH_(4))处理土壤N_(2)O排放通量显著高于硝态氮肥(NO_(3))处理,NH_(4)处理N_(2)O排放最大峰值达80.53μg·m^(−2)·h^(−1),NO_(3)处理N_(2)O最大峰值同比NH_(4)处理降低了21.2%。与氮肥处理相比,配施DCD均显著降低了N_(2)O累计排放量(P<0.05),分别降低为59%和49%,而铵态氮肥+双氰胺(NH_(4)+D)处理和硝态氮肥+双氰胺(NO_(3)+D)处理对N_(2)O累计排放量差异不显著。NH_(4)处理和NO_(3)处理的辣椒产量分别为18.06和11.41 t·hm^(−2),与NO_(3)处理差异显著,提高了58.28%。施用DCD后,NH_(4)+D处理和NO_(3)+D处理产量差异均不显著。施用铵态氮肥配施DCD,在保证产量的前提下,显著降低了菜地的N_(2)O排放,缓解了土壤的酸化问题。Chili peppers were applied with nitrogen fertilizer combined with nitrification inhibitors to analyze nitrous oxide(N_(2)O)emissions from chili pepper fields in Hainan,the tropical area in China,by static box-gas chromatography method.The results showed that the variation of N_(2)O emission flux from the chili pepper fields ranged from 1.51 to 80.53μg·m^(−2)·h^(−1).The soil N_(2)O emission flux was higher in the NH_(4) treatment than in the NO_(3) treatment.The maximum peak value of N_(2)O emission in the NH_(4) treatment was 80.53μg·m^(−1) m^(−2)·h^(−1),and the Compared with the single treatment with nitrogen fertilizer,both the NH_(4) and the NO_(3) combined with dicyandiamide(DCD)treatment significantly reduced the cumulative N_(2)O emissions by 59%and 49%,respectively,and their effects on the cumulative N_(2)O emissions were not significantly different.The chili pepper in the NH_(4) treatment and the NO_(3) treatment yielded 18.06 and 11.41 tons/ha,respectively,with the yield in the former treatment increasing by 58.28%,indicating a significant difference in yield between the two treatments.After applying with DCD,there was no significant difference of peper yield between the NH_(4)+DCD and the NO_(3)+DCD treatments.Together,these results indicated that the application of ammonium nitrogen fertilizer combined with DCD can significantly reduce N_(2)O emissions from the vegetable fields while maintaining high peper yield.

关 键 词：氧化亚氮 硝化抑制剂 菜地 氮肥形态 

分 类 号：S143.1[农业科学—肥料学] S643.1[农业科学—农业基础科学]