普通大蓟马子代性比对同种成虫气味的响应  

Offspring sex ratio response to odors from conspecific adults in Megalurothrips usitatus(Bagrall)(Thysanoptera:Thripidae)

作　　者：杨鹤鸣 叶子龙 黄慧秀 邹游兴[1] 周世豪[2] 但建国 YANG Heming;YE Zilong;HUANG Huixiu;ZOU Youxing;ZHOU Shihao;DAN Jianguo(School of Plant Protection,Hainan University/Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control of Tropical Plant Diseases and Pests,Ministry of Education,Haikou,Hainan 570228;College of Forestry,Hainan University,Haikou,Hainan 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学植物保护学院/热带农林生物灾害绿色防控教育部重点实验室,海口570228 [2]海南大学林学院,海口570228

出　　处：《热带生物学报》2022年第6期628-633,共6页Journal of Tropical Biology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31760515)。

摘　　要：为了探究同种成虫的气味对普通大蓟马(Megalurothrips usitatus)交配期间性比调节的影响,设置对照(无气味)、已交配雌虫、未交配雌虫和已交配雄虫等4种气味源,分别处理单对刚羽化成虫24 h,然后用幼嫩豇豆(Vigna unguiculata)豆荚单头饲养被测雌虫,观测每日所产子代的性别和数量,计算子代性比。结果表明:已交配雌虫气味处理的子代雌虫数(22.80头)最少,跟其他处理差异显著。同对照的子代性比(0.31)相比,已交配雌虫和未交配雌虫的气味分别导致子代性比显著提高和降低,子代性比分别为0.48和0.22,而已交配雄虫气味对子代性比无显著影响。4个处理中,仅已交配雌虫气味处理的雌虫在产卵最后1天的日性比达到1.00,即雌虫体内的精子已消耗殆尽。成虫气味源对雌虫产卵天数没有明显影响。实验结果说明,普通大蓟马在交配期间能依靠嗅觉判别周边雌虫的交配状况,然后通过调控雌虫的获精数量,实现对子代性比的自调节。To explore the effects of odors from conspecific adults on sex ratio adjustment during mating by bean flower thrips,Megalurothrips usitatus,one of main pests on Vigna unguiculata.In this paper,a pair of newly emerged male and female of the been flower thrips was exposed for 24 hours to the odors from 6 mated females,6 virgin females,6 mated males and no adult as control,respectively.Then the focal female was transferred to a glass tube containing a section of a young cowpea pod for her feeding and oviposition.The pod was replaced daily until the focal female died.The pod containing eggs was transferred to a new glass tube for the offsprings’growth.Oviposition days of the focal females were recorded,and their adult offspring were sexed and counted.Sex ratios of offspring were calculated as proportion of males.The results showed that the number of female offspring per focal female for the treatment with the odor from mated females was 22.80,being significantly less than those for other treatments.The sex ratios of adult offspring produced by the thrips treated with the odors from mated and virgin females were 0.48 and 0.22,respectively,which both were significantly different from that of control(0.31).The odor from mated males,however,showed no significant effect on offspring sex ratio.The daily sex ratio at the last oviposition day for the focal females treated with the odor from mated females reached 1.00,suggesting that their sperms had been depleted.The oviposition days of the focal females did not differ among all treatments.Our research revealed that the bean flower thrips during mating can use olfactory cues to assess mating status of conspecific females,and then control the number of sperms transferred into spermathecae,thereby adjusting sex ratio of their offspring.

关 键 词：普通大蓟马 豇豆豆荚 产雄孤雌生殖 性别分配 嗅觉信号 

分 类 号：S435.29[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]