增施有机肥对黄河三角洲盐碱地碳氮组分和微生物群落的影响  

Effects of Increasing Application of Organic Fertilizer on Carbon and Nitrogen Components and Microbial Community in Saline-alkali Land of the Yellow River Delta

作　　者：朱桃川 明玉飞 李传福 项荣宇 焦树英[1] 李永强[1] ZHU Taochuan;MING Yufei;LI Chuanfu;XIANG Rongyu;JIAO Shuying;LI Yongqiang(College of Resources and Environment,Shandong Agricultural University,National Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Soil and Fertilizer,Tai’an,Shandong 271018)

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学资源与环境学院,土肥高效利用国家工程研究中心,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2022年第6期387-393,共7页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：山东省自然科学基金面上项目(ZR2020MC173);国家“十三五”重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0800602,2018YFD0800403)。

摘　　要：为探究增施有机肥对盐碱土壤有机碳氮组分和微生物群落的影响,以2018年开始的黄河三角洲盐碱垦殖区小麦—玉米轮作样地为研究对象,通过分析3种处理(普通化肥CN、化肥+猪粪有机肥PCOF和不施肥CK)下土壤有机碳氮组分含量和微生物群落对增施有机肥措施的响应,以期为黄河三角洲盐碱地改良和农业可持续发展提供理论依据。结果表明:(1)肥料的投入对盐碱土壤起着积极促进作用,增施有机肥与单施化肥相比,土壤氮磷钾等基础养分含量分别显著提高15.6%,251.7%,65.2%(p<0.05),耕层结构得到改善。(2)增施有机肥有助于土壤有机碳、氮活性组分升高,颗粒有机碳(POC)、可溶性有机碳(DOC)和微生物量碳(MBC)较CN分别显著提高40.8%,13.2%和69.1%;酸解总氮(HTN)和酸解氨基酸态氮(AAN)分别显著提高11.6%和33.3%。单施化肥相比CK,易氧化有机碳(EOC)和MBC分别显著提高32.9%和17.5%,有机氮组分未产生显著影响。(3)经3年有机肥增施,细菌群落多样性和真菌群落丰富度较CK和CN显著提高,酸杆菌门、绿弯菌门和子囊菌门等有益菌群的相对丰度增加。(4)冗余分析(RDA)显示,有机碳和有机氮组分与微生物群落中有益菌门的相对丰度呈显著正相关关系,与贫营养型菌门相对丰度呈显著负相关关系。综上表明,增施有机肥是提高盐碱土壤有机碳氮组分、细菌群落多样性和真菌群落丰富度的有效措施。In order to explore the effects of increasing application of organic fertilizer on organic carbon and nitrogen components and microbial community in saline-alkali soil, the wheat-maize rotation sample plot in the saline-alkali reclamation area of the Yellow River Delta since 2018 was taken as the research object. The content of soil organic carbon and nitrogen components and the response of microbial community to the measures of increasing organic fertilizer under three treatments(common chemical fertilizer CN, chemical fertilizer plus pig manure organic fertilizer PCOF, and no fertilizer CK) were measured, aiming at providing a theoretical basis for the improvement of organic fertilizer and the sustainable development of agriculture in the saline-alkali land of the Yellow River Delta. The results showed that:(1) The input of fertilizer played a positive role in promoting saline-alkali soil. Compared with the application of chemical fertilizer alone, the content of basic nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in soil increased significantly by 15.6%, 251.7% and 65.2% respectively(p<0.05). Moreover, the plough layer structure has been improved.(2) Combined application of inorganic and organic fertilizers was helpful to increase the active components of soil organic carbon and nitrogen. Compared with CN, POC, DOC and MBC were significantly increased by 40.8%, 13.2% and 69.1% respectively. HTN and AAN increased significantly by 11.6% and 33.3% respectively. Compared with CK, EOC and MBC of single application of chemical fertilizer significantly increased by 32.9% and 17.5% respectively, and organic nitrogen components had no significant effect.(3) After three years of combined application of organic fertilizer, the diversity of bacterial community and the richness of fungal community were significantly higher than that of CK and CN, and the relative abundance of beneficial bacteria such as Acidobacteria, Curvularia and Ascomycetes increased.(4) RDA analysis showed that organic carbon and organic nitrog

关 键 词：黄河三角洲盐碱地 猪粪有机肥 碳组分 氮组分 微生物群落 

分 类 号：S141[农业科学—肥料学] S156.4[农业科学—农业基础科学]