功能MRI在儿童肾脏疾病诊断中的研究进展  

Research progress of functional magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis of renal diseases in children

作　　者：闫喆[1] 陈丽华 沈文 王春祥(审校)[1] YAN Zhe;CHEN Lihua;SHEN Wen;WANG Chunxiang(Department of Radiology,Tianjin Children’s Hospital(Tianjin University Children’s Hospital),Tianjin 300134,China;Department of Radiology,Tianjin First Center Hospital,School of Medicine,Nankai University)

机构地区：[1]天津市儿童医院(天津大学儿童医院)医学影像科,天津300134 [2]天津市第一中心医院放射科,南开大学医学院

出　　处：《国际医学放射学杂志》2022年第6期715-719,共5页International Journal of Medical Radiology

摘　　要：儿童肾脏疾病可导致肾功能持续下降,需及时监测并控制其进展。目前,多种功能MRI(fMRI)技术已逐步用于儿童肾脏研究,不仅能明确肾脏结构有无异常,还可从肾脏水分子扩散、血氧水平等微观角度对肾功能进行评估,包括扩散加权成像(DWI)、扩散张量成像(DTI)、扩散张量纤维束示踪成像(DTT)、扩散峰度成像(DKI)、血氧水平依赖(BOLD)成像、MR灌注成像。介绍儿童肾脏的生理解剖特点,并综述fMRI在肾脏发育异常、慢性肾脏病、感染性病变、肿瘤性病变等多种疾病中的研究进展。Kidney disease in children may lead to a continuous decline in renal function,which needs to be monitored and controlled in time.At present,multiple functional MRI(fMRI)techniques have been gradually used in pediatric kidney research,which can not only clarify whether the kidney structure is abnormal,but also evaluate the kidney function from microscopic perspectives such as renal water molecular diffusion and blood oxygen level.The fMRI techniques include diffusion-weighted imaging(DWI),diffusion tensor imaging(DTI),diffusion tensor fiber beam tracer imaging(DTT),diffusion kurtosis imaging(DKI),blood oxygen level-dependent(BOLD)imaging,and MR perfusion imaging.This article introduces the physiological and anatomical characteristics of pediatric kidney,and reviews the research progress of fMRI in various kidney diseases,including abnormal kidney development,chronic kidney disease,infectious lesions,and neoplastic lesions.

关 键 词：功能磁共振成像 肾脏 儿童 扩散成像 体素内不相干运动 

分 类 号：R699.2[医药卫生—泌尿科学] R445.2[医药卫生—外科学]