产业帮扶机制的社会学研究--以湖南省野猪桥村扶贫产业的发展与转变为例  

A Sociological Study on the Mechanism of Industrial Poverty Alleviation:An Examination Based on a Case Study of the Development and Transformation of Poverty Alleviation Industries in Yezhuqiao Village,Hunan Province

作　　者：何奇峰[1] HE Qifeng

机构地区：[1]北京大学社会学系

出　　处：《中国农村观察》2022年第5期44-60,共17页China Rural Survey

基　　金：国务院扶贫办中国扶贫发展中心组织的“2018年贫困村定点观测典型调查项目”与“2020年贫困村定点观测典型调查项目”。

摘　　要：脱贫攻坚以来,一些贫困村扶贫产业的发展方向是将产业“做大做强”,但是经过几年的尝试最终呈现多种小规模产业“百花齐放”的局面。本文通过对湖南省江华瑶族自治县野猪桥村扶贫产业的分析发现,其产业发展过程中实际上存在并行的显性带贫链条与隐性脱贫链条。显性带贫链条是政府政策与资本支持下村庄产业由外力引导的发展路径,而隐性脱贫链条是在村庄内生性、自发性的产业生长过程中形成的。两条链条的交织互动使得村庄产业发展具有了内生性动力,完成了从以“做大做强”为导向到“百花齐放”的转变,最终实现了村民的脱贫致富。产业帮扶不仅要发挥显性带贫链条的作用,还要顺应村庄的社会基础,积极发挥隐性脱贫链条的作用。Since the implementation of poverty alleviation campaign,the development direction of poverty alleviation industries in some impoverished villages has been to make the industry“bigger and stronger”.However,after several years of attempts,a variety of small-scale industries have finally emerged.Through the analysis of the poverty alleviation industries in Yezhuqiao Village,this article finds that there are two parallel chains of poverty alleviation in its industrial development.One is an“explicit”poverty alleviation chain represented by the“passive”development path of the village industries guided by external forces under the support of government policies and capital,the other is an“implicit”poverty alleviation chain formed in the endogenous and spontaneous industrial growth process of the village.The interactions of the two chains have provided an endogenous power to the development of village industries,thus completing the industrial transformation from“becoming bigger and stronger”to“letting a hundred flowers blossom”and realizing poverty alleviation and prosperity.In the transitional period of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization,industrial assistance should not only actively play the role of the“explicit”poverty alleviation chain,but also adapt to the social foundation of the village and actively play the role of the“implicit”poverty alleviation chain.

关 键 词：脱贫攻坚 产业扶贫 帮扶机制 社会基础 

分 类 号：F323.8[经济管理—产业经济]