人工多元产甲烷系统的设计与构建研究进展  

Advances in the design and construction of artificial pluralistic methane system

作　　者：钱宇磊 沙蕴璐 陆春艳 雍晓雨[1,2] 颜素 贾红华[1] 周俊[1,2] QIAN Yulei;SHA Yunlu;LU Chunyan;YONG Xiaoyu;YAN Su;JIA Honghua;ZHOU Jun(College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211800,China;Bioenergy Research Institute,Nanjing Tech University,Nanjing 211800,China)

机构地区：[1]南京工业大学生物与制药工程学院,江苏南京211800 [2]南京工业大学生物能源研究所,江苏南京211800

出　　处：《南京工业大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第5期473-489,共17页Journal of Nanjing Tech University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFA0902202);2021年度省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项(BK20220003);江苏省创新支撑计划(国际科技合作港澳台科技合作)(BZ2022052);江苏省农业自主创新项目(CX(21)2015);江苏省先进生物制造创新中心资助项目(XTD2204)。

摘　　要：随着厌氧消化技术的兴起,生物甲烷作为一种供热与发电的优质能源被广泛关注。废弃物厌氧消化制备生物甲烷至少涉及4个阶段的复杂过程,存在着周期长、转化效率低和能耗高等3个主要技术瓶颈,高效的生物甲烷转化需要更深刻的微观机制剖析和更合理的反应体系设计。从传统混菌厌氧消化技术存在的潜在问题出发,总结了人工生物互营产甲烷体系的特征,阐释了混菌厌氧消化系统的种间电子传递机制,同时提出运用先进合成生物学策略构建高效的产甲烷微生物,解析了电极、半导体元件引入厌氧多细胞产甲烷系统形成新型甲烷光电转化策略的优势,为构建高效稳定的人工多元产甲烷多细胞系统提供理论指导和技术支撑。With the development of anaerobic digestion,biomethane was gaining traction as a premium energy source for heat and power conversion.Anaerobic digestion of waste to biomethane,a complex step⁃by⁃step process with at least four stages,had three major drawbacks:long fermentation periods,low conversion efficiencies and system overloads.Therefore,high efficient methane acquisition required more profound micro⁃mechanical anatomy and more rational layout of the reaction system.Beginning with potential problems for conventional anaerobic digestion,the evolution of artificial syntrophic methanogenic consortia was summarized,and the interspecies electron transfer mechanism behind concomitant mixed fermentation were elucidated.The use of advanced synthetic biology strategies to screen for ideal methanogenic hosts was proposed.The advantages and optimization of a new photo/electric⁃biocatalytic hybrid strategy by introducing semiconductors and electrodes into the microbial methanogenic system were highlighted,which provided theoretical guidance and technical support for building an efficient and stable artificial pluralistic biomethane system(APBS).

关 键 词：厌氧消化 人工互营产甲烷菌群 种间电子传递 材料生物杂化体 人工光合作用 

分 类 号：Q819[生物学—生物工程]