北京地区四个豹猫亚种群肠道菌群的组成  

Gut bacterial composition of four leopard cat subpopulations in Beijing

作　　者：夏凡 杨婧 李建 史洋[3] 盖立新 黄文华 张经纬 杨南 高福利[1] 韩莹莹[1] 鲍伟东[1] Fan Xia;Jing Yang;Jian Li;Yang Shi;Lixin Gai;Wenhua Huang;Jingwei Zhang;Nan Yang;Fuli Gao;Yingying Han;Weidong Bao(College of Biological Sciences and Biotechnology,Beijing Forestry University,Beijing 100083;Miyun District Forestry and Parks Bureau of Beijing Municipality,Beijing 101599;Beijing Wildlife Rescue and Rehabilitation Center,Beijing 100029;Beijing Songshan National Nature Reserve Administration,Beijing 102115;Zhenzhuquan Township Ecological Environment Management Center of Yanqing District of Beijing Municipality,Beijing 102107;Beijing Baihuashan National Nature Reserve Administration,Beijing 102311)

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学生物科学与技术学院,北京100083 [2]北京市密云区园林绿化局,北京101599 [3]北京市野生动物救护中心,北京100029 [4]北京松山国家级自然保护区管理处,北京102115 [5]北京市延庆区珍珠泉乡生态环境管理中心,北京102107 [6]北京百花山国家级自然保护区管理处,北京102311

出　　处：《生物多样性》2022年第9期100-109,共10页Biodiversity Science

基　　金：北京市科技计划项目(Z181100005318004)。

摘　　要：野生动物的肠道微生物组成受食物资源和遗传属性的影响较大,为了解北京地区小型猫科动物肠道菌群组成特点及其影响因素,本研究通过扩增细菌16S rRNA的V3‒V4高变区进行高通量测序,对云蒙山、云峰山、松山、百花山4个区域的豹猫(Prionailurus bengalensis)亚种群进行肠道菌群组成分析。结果表明,在门水平上,豹猫的肠道优势菌群主要由厚壁菌门(相对多度52.40%)、变形菌门(25.18%)、放线菌门(9.07%)、拟杆菌门(8.17%)和梭杆菌门(4.74%)组成。在属水平上,相对多度最高的前5个属为假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas,13.37%)、布劳特氏菌属(Blautia,11.20%)、梭菌属(Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1,9.10%)、消化梭菌属(Peptoclostridium,8.62%)、乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus,6.08%),共约占总多度的50%。各区域豹猫亚种群的肠道菌群β多样性不存在显著差异,松山区域的ACE指数和Chao 1指数与云蒙山和云峰山存在显著差异。鉴于松山亚种群的遗传结构与其他区域有所不同,而4个区域的气候类型和豹猫食物构成相似性高,推测该亚种群的肠道菌群主要受遗传结构分化的影响,对此还需进一步研究。Aims:The composition of gut microbiota of wild animals is most influenced by food types and genetic background.This study aimed to investigate gut bacterial composition of leopard cat(Prionailurus bengalensis)and its influencing factors in Beijing.Methods:In this study,fecal samples of leopard cat collected from Yunmengshan,Yunfengshan,Songshan and Baihuashan were analyzed by high-throughput sequencing on bacterial 16S rRNA hypervariable region of V3–V4.Results:The results showed that the dominant flora of gut bacteria of leopard cat in phyla included Firmicutes(relative abundance 52.40%),Proteobacteria(25.18%),Actinobacteria(9.07%),Bacteroidetes(8.17%),and Fusobacteria(4.74%).The top 5 genera of bacteria with the highest abundance accounted for about 50%of the total abundance,which were Pseudomonas(13.37%),Blautia(11.20%),Clostridium_sensu_stricto_1(9.10%),Peptoclostridium(8.62%),and Lactobacillus(6.08%).There was no significant difference in gut bacterial abundance andβdiversity among the leopard cat subpopulations in four sampling areas,but the ACE index and Chao 1 index in Songshan subpopulation were different from those in Yunmengshan and Yunfengshan.Conclusion:Considering there was a disparity trend in genetic structure in Songshan subpopulation,and the climate types of the four areas and food composition of the leopard cat were highly similar,we postulated that the gut bacteria of leopard cat was mainly influenced by the genetic traits for local adaptation.

关 键 词：豹猫 肠道菌群 亚种群 高通量测序 北京 

分 类 号：Q938[生物学—微生物学] Q958