改性木质素缓释肥的养分释放特征评价方法比较  

Evaluation of nutrient release characteristics of modified lignin-coated slow-release fertilizers

作　　者：尹静 李栋 李杨文正 段亚丽 焦阳秋 石庆胜 程宁宁[1] 朱治强[1] YIN Jing;LI Dong;LI Yangwenzheng;DUAN Yali;JIAO Yangqiu;SHI Qingsheng;CHENG Ningning;ZHU Zhiqiang(College of Tropical Crops,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;College of Ecology and Environment,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;College of Environment and Resource Sciences,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学热带作物学院,海口570228 [2]海南大学生态与环境学院,海口570228 [3]浙江大学环境与资源学院,杭州310058

出　　处：《农业资源与环境学报》2022年第6期1155-1163,共9页Journal of Agricultural Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(41867025,42067027);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFD0202100);海南省自然科学基金项目(320MS009)。

摘　　要：为探究不同评价方法表征改性木质素缓释肥养分释放特性的差异,选用25℃静水溶出率法和田间填埋法,结合热重分析技术,探索了两种(10-4-6、8-4-8)用改性木质素配制的缓释肥(N-P2O5-K2O)在土壤和水中的养分释放规律,并比较了两种评价方法的差异性。结果表明:在土壤和水介质中,两种缓释肥在第1天和第28天的累积养分释放率分别为8.45%~13.5%和53.8%~57.9%,分别低于15%和80%。第84天为两种缓释肥在土壤和水介质中总养分释放规律出现差异的临界点,前84 d总养分释放规律基本趋于一致,之后差异渐大。热重分析显示,随着缓释肥释放时间的延长,两种评价体系中缓释肥的残留物占比均有所增加;两种评价方法主要在250~500℃阶段差异明显,缓释肥在水中的失重率比在土壤中高出1.65~2.28个百分点。研究表明,在评价改性木质素缓释肥养分释放特征时,两种评价方法存在较大的偏差,采用静水溶出率法无法准确评价缓释期大于84 d的木质素缓释肥在土壤中的养分释放性能。To investigate the differences in nutrient release characteristics of modified lignin-based slow-release fertilizers under different evaluation methods,the hydrostatic dissolution rate method at 25℃,the field landfill method,and thermogravimetric analysis were used to analyze the nutrient release patterns of two slow-release fertilizers(10-4-6,8-4-8)formulated with modified lignin in soil and water,and the differences between the two evaluation methods were compared.The results showed that the cumulative nutrient release rates of the two slow-release fertilizers in soil and water were 8.45%~13.5%and 53.8%~57.9%at day 1 and 28,respectively,which were lower than 15%and 80%,respectively.The critical point for the differences in the total nutrient release patterns of the two slow-release fertilizers in soil and water was 84 d,and the total nutrient release patterns converged in the first 84 d,after which the difference became larger.Thermogravimetric analysis showed that the percentage of residues of slow-release fertilizers increased in both evaluation systems as the release time of slow-release fertilizers increased.The differences between the two evaluation methods were obvious mainly at the 250~500℃stage,and the heat loss rate of the modified lignin slow-release fertilizer after hydrostatic incubation increased by 1.65~2.28 percent points compared with that after soil filling.The study showed that there were large deviations between the two evaluation methods in determining the nutrient release characteristics of the modified lignin slow-release fertilizer,and the nutrient release performance of slow-release fertilizer with a slow-release period longer than 84 d in soil could not be accurately evaluated using the hydrostatic dissolution rate method.

关 键 词：缓释肥 改性木质素 养分释放特征 热重分析 

分 类 号：S143[农业科学—肥料学]