东京奥运会男篮比赛中暂停的特征及西蒙斯指数效果  

The Characteristics and Simmons Index Effects of Timeouts in Men's Basketball Match at the Tokyo Olympic Games

作　　者：明园淋 王斌[1] 贾成钰 Ming Yuanlin;Wang Bin;Jia Chengyu(College of Physical Education and Health Sciences,Zhejiang Normal University,Jinhua 321004,China.)

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学体育与健康科学学院,浙江金华321004

出　　处：《体育科技文献通报》2022年第11期5-7,94,共4页Bulletin of Sport Science & Technology

基　　金：浙江省教育厅科研项目(项目编号:Y202147113)。

摘　　要：为了深刻认识高水平赛事中教练员使用暂停的情况,本文运用数理统计、录像观察等方法,对第32届东京奥运会男篮决赛中教练员使用暂停的特征及效果进行了研究。结果表明:①请求暂停是球队陷入被动局面、需要解决问题的标志,教练员合理运用暂停可以扭转比赛不利局势;②每一节比赛中都有暂停,且主要集中在上、下半场的最后一节;③教练员在比分落后的情况下请求暂停的概率明显大于比分领先和持平;④当3回合内的净胜分为负时,尤其是净胜分为-2到-5之间时,请求暂停十分频繁;⑤西蒙斯指数能将暂停后的攻防效果转化成综合得分来体现暂停后的效果,按照西蒙斯指数由小到大进行排名,排在前三的是法国、斯洛文尼亚和美国,随后依次是澳大利亚、阿根廷、西班牙、意大利、德国。研究可为丰富篮球教练员的临场指挥、合理运用暂停提供参考。For an in-depth understanding of the use of timeouts by coaches in high-level competitions,the characteristics and effects of coaches'use of timeouts in the final of men's basketball at the XXXII Olympic Games in Tokyo were studied by means of mathematical statistics and video observation.The results reveal the following findings.(1)Calling a timeout is a signal that a team is playing poorly and there is a problem to be addressed,and the coach's proper use of timeouts can turn the game around;(2)Timeout was taken in each quarter but mainly in the last quarters of the first and second half;(3)The probability of coaches calling a timeout is significantly higher when the score is behind than leading and tied;(4)Requests for timeouts were very frequent when the GP is negative in three rounds,especially when the GP is between-2 and-5;(5)The Simmons Index can convert post-timeout offensive and defensive effects into a comprehensive score to reflect the effect after the suspension.From low to high by Simmons Index,France,Slovenia,and the United States ranked the top three,followed by Australia,Argentina,Spain,Italy and Germany.We hope that the study serves as a reference for basketball coaches’on-the-spot command and wise use of timeouts.

关 键 词：暂停 篮球教练员 西蒙斯指数 临场指挥 

分 类 号：G841[文化科学—体育训练]